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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Microbiological Analysis in Three Diverse Natural Geothermal Bathing Pools in Iceland
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Microbiological Analysis in Three Diverse Natural Geothermal Bathing Pools in Iceland

机译：冰岛三个不同的自然地热浴池的微生物学分析

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Natural thermal bathing pools contain geothermal water that is very popular to bathe in but the water is not sterilized, irradiated or treated in any way. Increasing tourism in Iceland will lead to increasing numbers of bath guests, which can in turn affect the microbial flora in the pools and therefore user safety. Today, there is no legislation that applies to natural geothermal pools in Iceland, as the water is not used for consumption and the pools are not defined as public swimming pools. In this study, we conducted a microbiological analysis on three popular but different natural pools in Iceland, located at Lysuhóll, Hveravellir and Landmannalaugar. Total bacterial counts were performed by flow cytometry, and with plate count at 22 °C, 37 °C and 50 °C. The presence of viable coliforms, Enterococcus spp. and pseudomonads were investigated by growth experiments on selective media. All samples were screened for noroviruses by real time PCR. The results indicate higher fecal contamination in the geothermal pools where the geothermal water flow was low and bathing guest count was high during the day. The number of cultivated Pseudomonas spp. was high (13,000–40,000 cfu/100 mL) in the natural pools, and several strains were isolated and classified as opportunistic pathogens. Norovirus was not detected in the three pools. DNA was extracted from one-liter samples in each pool and analyzed by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbial diversity analysis revealed different microbial communities between the pools and they were primarily composed of alpha-, beta- and gammaproteobacteria.
机译：天然温泉浴池含有非常受欢迎的地热水，但没有对水进行灭菌，辐射或任何处理。冰岛旅游业的增加将导致洗浴客人的数量增加，这反过来又可能影响泳池中的微生物菌群，从而影响使用者的安全。如今，冰岛没有适用于天然地热池的法律，因为该水不用于消费，并且这些池也未定义为公共游泳池。在这项研究中，我们对位于Lysuhóll，Hveravellir和Landmannalaugar的三个冰岛流行但不同的天然池进行了微生物学分析。通过流式细胞术进行总细菌计数，并在22℃，37℃和50℃下平板计数。活的大肠菌，肠球菌的存在。通过选择培养基上的生长实验研究了假单胞菌和假单胞菌。通过实时PCR筛选所有样品中的诺如病毒。结果表明白天的地热池中粪便污染程度较高，那里的地热水流量较低，沐浴客人的数量较高。栽培假单胞菌的数量。天然池中的甲烷浓度很高（13,000–40,000 cfu / 100 mL），并且分离了几种菌株并将其分类为机会病原体。在三个池中未检测到诺如病毒。从每个池中的一升样品中提取DNA并通过部分16S rRNA基因测序进行分析。微生物多样性分析揭示了池之间的微生物群落不同，它们主要由α，β和γ变形杆菌组成。

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