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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Spatial Distribution of Lead in Sacramento, California, USA
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Spatial Distribution of Lead in Sacramento, California, USA

机译：美国加利福尼亚萨克拉曼多的铅空间分布

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Chronic exposure to lead remains a health concern in many urban areas; Sacramento, California is one example, with state surveillance data showing nearly 3% of screened children reported with blood lead levels over 4.5 μg/dL in 2009. To investigate the environmental exposure, 91 soil samples were collected and analyzed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS for 14 elements. An additional 28 samples were collected from areas of focus and analyzed by hand-held X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for Pb and Zn. Analysis of the metals data revealed non-normal distributions and positive skewness, consistent with anthropogenic input. In addition, high correlation coefficients (≥0.75) of metal concentrations in Cd-Pb, Cd-Zn, Pb-Zn, and Sb-Sn pairs suggest similarities in the input mechanisms. Semivariograms generated from Pb and associated metals reveal these metals to exhibit spatial correlation. A prediction map of lead concentrations in soil was generated by ordinary kriging, showing elevated concentrations in soil located in the central, older area of Sacramento where historic traffic density and industrial activity have been historically concentrated. XRF analysis of Pb and Zn from additional samples verifies elevated concentrations in the central areas of Sacramento as predicted.
机译：在许多城市地区，长期接触铅仍然是健康问题;加利福尼亚州萨克拉曼多就是一个例子，国家监测数据显示，2009年有将近3％的筛查儿童血铅水平超过4.5μg/ dL。为调查环境暴露程度，收集了91份土壤样品并通过ICP-AES和ICP分析-MS为14个元素。从焦点区域收集了另外28个样品，并通过手持式X射线荧光光谱法分析了铅和锌。对金属数据的分析显示出非正态分布和正偏度，与人为输入一致。此外，Cd-Pb，Cd-Zn，Pb-Zn和Sb-Sn对中金属浓度的高相关系数（≥0.75）表明输入机理相似。由铅和相关金属产生的半变异函数揭示了这些金属表现出空间相关性。普通克里金法生成的土壤中铅浓度的预测图显示，位于萨克拉曼多中部，较旧区域的土壤中铅的浓度升高，历史上交通密度和工业活动一直集中于此。对其他样品中的铅和锌进行X射线荧光光谱分析，证实了萨克拉曼多中心地区的铅浓度升高，如预期的那样。

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