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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Risks of Ear Complaints of Passengers and Drivers While Trains Are Passing Through Tunnels at High Speed: A Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study
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Risks of Ear Complaints of Passengers and Drivers While Trains Are Passing Through Tunnels at High Speed: A Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study

机译：火车高速通过隧道时乘客和驾驶员耳部投诉的风险：数值模拟和实验研究

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摘要

Ear complaints induced by interior pressure transients are common experiences for passengers and crew members when high-speed trains are passing through tunnels. However, approaches to assessing the risks of the pressure-related aural discomfort have not been reported until recently. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hazards of interior pressure transients of high-speed train on human ears combining the effects of operation speed and seal index. Moving model tests were conducted to obtain the pressure transients when the model train runs in the tunnel. The recorded data were transformed into the interior pressures by empirical formula. Furthermore, the aural sensations were divided into four levels hierarchically and the range for each level was derived by logistic regression analysis method and represented by three biomechanical metrics. Furthermore, a human middle ear finite element (FE) model was used to simulate its dynamics under the interior pressures. The results indicate that lifting operation speed from 250 km/h to 350 km/h in tunnel will prolong the duration of ear complaints by more than two times whereas improving the seal index from 4 s to 12 s will reduce the incidences of the onset of tinnitus and hearing loss by more than ten times. In addition, the duration of aural comfort shortens from the head car to the tail car against the running direction. It is desirable that enhancing the seal index improve the aural sensations of the passengers and crew members considering the lifting operation speed of high-speed train.
机译：当高速列车通过隧道时，内部压力瞬变引起的耳朵不适是乘客和机组人员的普遍经历。但是，直到最近才报道了评估与压力有关的耳部不适风险的方法。这项研究的目的是结合操作速度和密封指数的影响，评估高速列车内部压力瞬变对人耳的危害。进行运动模型测试以获得模型火车在隧道中行驶时的压力瞬变。通过经验公式将记录的数据转换为内部压力。此外，听觉感觉被分为四个级别，每个级别的范围通过逻辑回归分析方法得出，并以三个生物力学指标表示。此外，人类中耳有限元（FE）模型用于模拟内部压力下的动力学。结果表明，在隧道中将操作速度从250 km / h提升至350 km / h可以将耳部不适的持续时间延长两倍以上，而将密封指数从4 s提高到12 s则可以减少发病的发生率。耳鸣和听力损失超过十倍。另外，听觉舒适性的持续时间从头车向尾车逆着行驶方向缩短。考虑到高速列车的提升操作速度，期望提高密封指数来改善乘客和乘员的听觉。

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