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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Alterations in Newborns with Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke
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Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Alterations in Newborns with Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke

机译：产前暴露于香烟烟雾的新生儿的核和线粒体DNA改变

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摘要

Newborns exposed to maternal cigarette smoke (CS) in utero have an increased risk of developing chronic diseases, cancer, and acquiring decreased cognitive function in adulthood. Although the literature reports many deleterious effects associated with maternal cigarette smoking on the fetus, the molecular alterations and mechanisms of action are not yet clear. Smoking may act directly on nuclear DNA by inducing mutations or epigenetic modifications. Recent studies also indicate that smoking may act on mitochondrial DNA by inducing a change in the number of copies to make up for the damage caused by smoking on the respiratory chain and lack of energy. In addition, individual genetic susceptibility plays a significant role in determining the effects of smoking during development. Furthermore, prior exposure of paternal and maternal gametes to cigarette smoke may affect the health of the developing individual, not only the in utero exposure. This review examines the genetic and epigenetic alterations in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA associated with smoke exposure during the most sensitive periods of development (prior to conception, prenatal and early postnatal) and assesses how such changes may have consequences for both fetal growth and development.
机译：在子宫内接触母体香烟烟雾（CS）的新生儿患慢性疾病，癌症和成年后认知功能下降的风险增加。尽管文献报道了与母亲吸烟有关的许多有害影响，但分子的改变和作用机理尚不清楚。吸烟可以通过诱导突变或表观遗传修饰直接作用于核DNA。最近的研究还表明，吸烟可能通过诱导拷贝数变化来弥补线粒体DNA的作用，以弥补因吸烟对呼吸链和能量不足造成的损害。此外，个体遗传易感性在确定吸烟过程中的影响中起着重要作用。此外，父亲和母亲配子事先接触香烟烟雾不仅会影响子宫内接触，还会影响发育中个体的健康。这篇综述研究了在最敏感的发育时期（受孕前，产前和产后早期）与烟尘接触相关的核和线粒体DNA的遗传和表观遗传学变化，并评估了这些变化如何对胎儿的生长发育产生影响。

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