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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >What Works in Community-Based Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating? A Review of Reviews
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What Works in Community-Based Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating? A Review of Reviews

机译：在基于社区的干预措施中，什么措施能促进体育锻炼和健康饮食？评论评论

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Chronic diseases, such as type II diabetes, are on the rise worldwide. There is consistent evidence that physical activity and healthy eating are important lifestyle factors which affect the risk for chronic diseases. Community-based interventions are of particular public health interest as they reach target groups in their natural living environment and may thus achieve high population-level impacts. We conducted a systematic literature search to assess the effectiveness of community-based interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Specifically, we searched for promising intervention strategies in this setting. We narratively summarized the results of 18 systematic reviews. Among children and adolescents, we found moderate evidence for effects on weight change in primary school-aged children for interventions containing a school component. The evidence for interventions aimed at general adult populations was inconclusive. Self-monitoring, group-based components, and motivational signs to encourage stair use were identified as promising strategies to increase physical activity. Among adults at risk for type II diabetes, evidence was found for beneficial effects on weight change and diabetes incidence. However, interventions for this group were not integrated in more comprehensive community-based approaches.
机译：慢性疾病，例如II型糖尿病，在世界范围内呈上升趋势。有一致的证据表明，体育锻炼和健康饮食是重要的生活方式因素，会影响患慢性病的风险。基于社区的干预措施特别具有公共卫生意义，因为它们在其自然生活环境中达到了目标人群，因此可能会在人口层面产生巨大影响。我们进行了系统的文献检索，以评估基于社区的干预措施促进身体活动和健康饮食的有效性。具体来说，我们在这种情况下搜索了有前途的干预策略。我们叙述性地总结了18个系统评价的结果。在儿童和青少年中，我们发现适度的证据表明，含有学校成分的干预措施对小学年龄儿童体重变化的影响。针对普通成年人口的干预措施的证据尚无定论。自我监控，基于小组的成分以及鼓励使用楼梯的动机迹象被认为是增加体育锻炼的有希望的策略。在有罹患II型糖尿病风险的成年人中，发现了对体重减轻和糖尿病发生率有有益作用的证据。但是，针对该小组的干预措施并未纳入更全面的基于社区的方法中。

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