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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Traffic, Air Pollution, Minority and Socio-Economic Status: Addressing Inequities in Exposure and Risk
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Traffic, Air Pollution, Minority and Socio-Economic Status: Addressing Inequities in Exposure and Risk

机译：交通，空气污染，少数民族和社会经济地位：解决暴露和风险方面的不平等

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摘要

Higher levels of nearby traffic increase exposure to air pollution and adversely affect health outcomes. Populations with lower socio-economic status (SES) are particularly vulnerable to stressors like air pollution. We investigated cumulative exposures and risks from traffic and from MNRiskS-modeled air pollution in multiple source categories across demographic groups. Exposures and risks, especially from on-road sources, were higher than the mean for minorities and low SES populations and lower than the mean for white and high SES populations. Owning multiple vehicles and driving alone were linked to lower household exposures and risks. Those not owning a vehicle and walking or using transit had higher household exposures and risks. These results confirm for our study location that populations on the lower end of the socio-economic spectrum and minorities are disproportionately exposed to traffic and air pollution and at higher risk for adverse health outcomes. A major source of disparities appears to be the transportation infrastructure. Those outside the urban core had lower risks but drove more, while those living nearer the urban core tended to drive less but had higher exposures and risks from on-road sources. We suggest policy considerations for addressing these inequities.
机译：附近交通流量的增加会增加空气污染的暴露，并对健康结果产生不利影响。具有较低社会经济地位（SES）的人口特别容易受到空气污染等压力源的影响。我们调查了人口统计数据中多个来源类别的交通和MNRiskS模型空气污染的累积暴露和风险。暴露和风险，特别是来自公路的暴露和风险，高于少数族裔和低SES人口的平均值，而低于白人和高SES人口的平均值。拥有多辆车和独自驾驶与降低家庭暴露和风险有关。那些不拥有汽车，步行或使用公交的人，其家庭暴露和风险更高。这些结果证实了我们的研究地点，即社会经济范围较低端的人口和少数族裔不成比例地暴露于交通和空气污染中，且不利健康后果的风险较高。差距的主要来源似乎是交通基础设施。那些不在城市核心地区的人的风险较低，但开车较多，而那些生活在靠近城市核心地区的人的驾驶风险较小，但接触道路的风险更大，风险更大。我们建议解决这些不平等问题的政策考虑。

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