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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Business and Management >Comprehensive Objectives for PPP Projects: Case of Beijing Olympic Stadium
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Comprehensive Objectives for PPP Projects: Case of Beijing Olympic Stadium

机译：PPP项目的综合目标：以北京奥林匹克体育场为例

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This paper is concerned with issues relating to the need for clear and comprehensive objectives by parties to Public- Private Partnership Projects: the case of Beijing Olympic Stadium, which is the first Public–Private Partnership project (PPPs) sporting complex in china. The discussion is illustrated by reference to the numerous risks encountered throughout the development and construction of the project and also revealing the concessional agreement that lead to the use of public private partnerships in building the 2008 Beijing Olympic Stadium. The paper begins by discussing the definition of PPP, nature, development, competitive bidding, total investment and sharing formula of the project partners, structure, operation process of the Beijing Olympic Stadium (Bird’s Nest), the disagreement between the Project Company and Beijing Municipal Government (BMG) and also elucidate the three major disputes associated with the project and then give an overview of the disputes resolution process in China. This case study also highlighted the intricacies seen, both in the implication of cancelling the retractable roof and the critical lessons learnt from the PPP project, as regards to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Stadium. However, even with all the numerous disputes, risks , negotiation and re-negotiation, the project was completed within the stipulated period with a touch of unimaginable structural design at a reasonable cost, which happens to go a long way in assisting the successful hosting of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The recommendation and lessons learnt from this case study includes that government support and commitment are very vital for any unique project especially in innovative and complex design structure such as the Beijing National Stadium (Bird’s Nest). Hence, during the signing of the preliminary agreement any project, a well-defined project scope must be visibly stated, formulated and clearly defined prior before signing the agreement. That the sharing of comprehensive common project aims and objectives must be the ultimate priority of all stakeholders associated in the venture. And also the importance of engaging in a proper and effective risk management strategy because private and public sector interests must work together at all times, for successful completion of the project such as hosting the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
机译：本文涉及与公私合营项目各方需要明确而全面的目标有关的问题：北京奥林匹克体育场，这是中国第一个公私合营项目（PPPs）体育综合体。通过在整个项目开发和建设过程中遇到的众多风险，并揭示了优惠协议，促成在建立2008年北京奥林匹克体育场时使用公私合营伙伴关系的优惠协议来说明讨论。本文首先讨论了PPP的定义，性质，发展，竞标，项目合作伙伴的总投资和分享方式，北京奥林匹克体育场（鸟巢）的结构，运作过程，项目公司与北京市之间的分歧。政府（BMG）还阐明了与该项目相关的三大争议，然后概述了中国的争议解决流程。该案例研究还强调了所看到的复杂性，包括取消可伸缩屋顶的含义以及从PPP项目中学到的关于2008年北京奥林匹克体育场的重要经验教训。但是，即使有许多纠纷，风险，谈判和重新谈判，该项目仍在规定的时间内完成，并以合理的成本进行了难以想象的结构设计，这对协助成功托管该项目大有帮助。 2008年北京奥运会。从此案例研究中获得的建议和经验教训包括，政府的支持和承诺对于任何独特的项目都至关重要，尤其是在创新和复杂的设计结构中，例如北京国家体育馆（鸟巢）。因此，在签署初步协议期间，任何项目都必须在签署协议之前事先明确地陈述，制定和明确定义明确的项目范围。共享全面的共同项目目的和目标必须是与企业相关的所有利益相关者的最终优先事项。参与适当和有效的风险管理策略的重要性也很重要，因为私人和公共部门的利益必须始终齐心协力，以成功完成该项目，例如承办2008年北京奥运会。

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