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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Geosciences >Structural Investigation for Locating Petroleum Reservoirs Using Geoinformatics in Meyal, Potwar Region, Pakistan
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Structural Investigation for Locating Petroleum Reservoirs Using Geoinformatics in Meyal, Potwar Region, Pakistan

机译：巴基斯坦Potwar地区Meyal利用地理信息学定位石油储层的结构研究

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Reflection Seismology technique (Seismic Survey) is widely used around the world to produce a detailed analogue image of subsurface geological structures. This information is used by petroleum experts to accurately plan the location of oil wells. Seismic survey sections and corresponding well logs exhibit different variables like acoustic impedance of rock, seismic velocity, rock density, porosity, time and depth that can be manipulated in GIS to infer a subsurface model for stratigraphic as well as structural interpretations. In recent years, GIS has emerged as a powerful analytical tool for subsurface mapping and analysis. Petroleum exploration is a map intensive process that requires the powerful capabilities of GIS. Purpose of this research is integration of Geographical Information System with Seismic Surveys for Structural and Stratigraphic Interpretation of subsurface Geology and locating Petroleum Prospects. In this research work, GIS has been used to investigate subsurface geological structures and stratigraphy to carefully analyze the capabilities of GIS for finding new petroleum prospects in active thrust belt of Meyal, Potwar region, Pakistan. Acquisition of two-dip and three-strike seismic lines is along with well log data, followed by spatial seismic data processing, development of geophysical data management interface, interpolation of shot point data, trend surface analysis and Geostatistical analysis using GIS. Subsurface zones of high, low or null probability of petroleum accumulation were then, mapped. Finally, GIS based maps were developed. Geospatial tomography GIS model inferred that study area is structurally deformed and exhibits excessive geological faults, and structural traps. With GIS-tomography interpretation of section 97-MYL-08, a potential oil bearing zone (popup anticline), bounded by two thrust faults was observed at almost 3.6 Km depth in Meyal area with average density of about 2.6 gm/cm3. Thrust fault recognized from sharp discontinuity in GIS based survey raster was encountered at 2.9 Km depth. Structure contour map was developed. It depicted that Chorgali formation (dolomitic limestone) at 3.68 Km depth was proven to be reservoir rock in study area. GIS has proved to be a powerful and efficient subsurface modeling and analytical tool and it should be integrated with survey based studies for exploration of oil and gas and investigation of subsurface geological structures.
机译：反射地震技术（地震勘探）在世界范围内广泛使用，以产生地下地质结构的详细模拟图像。石油专家使用此信息来准确计划油井的位置。地震勘测断面和相应的测井曲线表现出不同的变量，例如岩石的声阻抗，地震速度，岩石密度，孔隙度，时间和深度，这些变量可以在GIS中进行操纵，以推断出地下模型以进行地层学和结构解释。近年来，GIS已成为用于地下测绘和分析的强大分析工具。石油勘探是一个地图密集型过程，需要强大的GIS功能。这项研究的目的是将地理信息系统与地震勘探相结合，以进行地下地质构造和地层解释以及确定石油前景。在这项研究工作中，GIS已用于调查地下地质结构和地层，以仔细分析GIS在巴基斯坦波特瓦尔地区Meyal主动逆冲带中寻找新石油前景的能力。采集两震和三震地震线以及测井数据，然后进行空间地震数据处理，开发地球物理数据管理接口，插值炮点数据，趋势面分析和使用GIS的地统计分析。然后绘制高，低或零石油积累概率的地下区域。最后，开发了基于GIS的地图。地理空间层析成像GIS模型推断研究区域发生了结构变形，并表现出过多的地质断层和构造圈闭。在97-MYL-08部分的GIS断层扫描解释中，在Meyal地区几乎3.6 Km的深度处观察到一个潜在的含油区（弹出背斜线），该断层由两个逆冲断层界定，平均密度约为2.6 gm / cm3。在2.9 Km的深度遇到了由基于GIS的测量栅格中的急剧不连续性识别出的冲断层。开发了结构轮廓图。研究表明，在研究区中，深度为3.68 Km的Chorgali地层（白云质石灰岩）是储集岩。事实证明，GIS是一种功能强大且高效的地下建模和分析工具，应与基于调查的油气勘探和地下地质构造研究相结合。

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