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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Nephrology >Theoretical Application of Irreversible (Nonequilibrium) Thermodynamic Principles to Enhance Solute Fluxes across Nanofabricated Hemodialysis Membranes
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Theoretical Application of Irreversible (Nonequilibrium) Thermodynamic Principles to Enhance Solute Fluxes across Nanofabricated Hemodialysis Membranes

机译：不可逆（非平衡）热力学原理在纳米制造血液透析膜上提高溶质通量的理论应用

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Objective. Nanotechnology has the potential to improve hemodialysis membrane technology. Thus, a major objective is to understand how to enhance toxic solute fluxes across these membranes. The aim of this concept building study is to review the application of irreversible thermodynamic (IT) to solute fluxes. Methods. We expanded the application of the Nernst-Planck equation to include the Kedem-Katchalsky equation, pH, membrane thickness, pore size, and electric potential as variables. Results. (1) Reducing the membrane’s thickness from 25 μm to 25 nm increased the flux of creatinine, -microglobulin, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by a thousand times but prevented completely albumin flux, (2) applying an electric potential of 50–400 mV across the membrane enhanced the flux of the respective molecules by , , and mol/s, and (3) changing the pH from 7.35 to 7.42 altered the fluxes minimally. Conclusions. The results supported an argument to investigate the application of IT to study forces of fluxes across membranes. Reducing the membrane’s thickness—together with the application of an electrical potential—qualities achievable by nanotechnology, can enhance the removal of uremic toxins by many folds. However, changing the pH at a specific membrane thickness does not affect the flux significantly.
机译：目的。纳米技术具有改善血液透析膜技术的潜力。因此，主要目的是了解如何增强跨这些膜的有毒溶质通量。本概念构建研究的目的是回顾不可逆热力学（IT）在溶质通量中的应用。方法。我们扩展了Nernst-Planck方程的应用范围，以包括Kedem-Katchalsky方程，pH，膜厚度，孔径和电势作为变量。结果。 （1）将膜厚度从25μm减小到25 nm，可使肌酸酐，-微球蛋白和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的通量增加千倍，但完全阻止白蛋白通量，（2）施加电势跨膜的50–400 mV的通量分别以，和mol / s增强了各个分子的通量，并且（3）将pH从7.35更改为7.42可以最小程度地改变通量。结论。结果支持了一个论点，即研究IT在研究膜通量作用力方面的应用。纳米技术可降低膜的厚度（加上施加电势），可以使尿毒症毒素的去除提高很多倍。但是，在特定的膜厚度下改变pH不会明显影响通量。

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