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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology >The crosstalk between autonomic nervous system and blood vessels
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The crosstalk between autonomic nervous system and blood vessels

机译：自主神经系统与血管之间的串扰

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS), comprised of two primary branches, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, plays an essential role in the regulation of vascular wall contractility and tension. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves work together to balance the functions of autonomic effector organs. The neurotransmitters released from the varicosities in the ANS can regulate the vascular tone. Norepinephrine (NE), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) function as vasoconstrictors, whereas acetylcholine (Ach) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) can mediate vasodilation. On the other hand, vascular factors, such as endothelium-derived relaxing factor nitric oxide (NO), and constriction factor endothelin, play an important role in the autonomic nervous system in physiologic conditions. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are associated with the sympathetic nerve activity in the pathological conditions, such as hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. The dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system could be a risk factor for vascular diseases and the overactive sympathetic nerve is detrimental to the blood vessel. In this review, we summarize findings concerning the crosstalk between ANS and blood vessels in both physiological and pathological conditions and hope to provide insight into the development of therapeutic interventions of vascular diseases.
机译：自主神经系统（ANS）由交感神经和副交感神经两个主要分支组成，在调节血管壁的收缩性和张力中起着至关重要的作用。交感神经和副交感神经共同作用以平衡植物效应器器官的功能。从ANS的静脉曲张释放的神经递质可以调节血管紧张度。去甲肾上腺素（NE），三磷酸腺苷（ATP）和神经肽Y（NPY）充当血管收缩剂，而乙酰胆碱（Ach）和降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）可以介导血管舒张。另一方面，血管因子，例如内皮源性舒张因子一氧化氮（NO）和收缩因子内皮素，在生理条件下的自主神经系统中起着重要作用。在诸如高血压，心力衰竭和糖尿病等病理状况下，内皮功能障碍和炎症与交感神经活动有关。自主神经系统功能障碍可能是血管疾病的危险因素，交感神经过度活跃对血管有害。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关生理和病理条件下ANS与血管之间的串扰的发现，并希望对血管疾病的治疗性干预发展提供见识。

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