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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Nanomedicine >Nanodiamonds as novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications: drug delivery and imaging systems
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Nanodiamonds as novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications: drug delivery and imaging systems

机译：纳米金刚石作为用于生物医学应用的新型纳米材料：药物输送和成像系统

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Abstract: Detonation nanodiamonds (NDs) are emerging as delivery vehicles for small chemical drugs and macromolecular biotechnology products due to their primary particle size of 4 to 5 nm, stable inert core, reactive surface, and ability to form hydrogels. Nanoprobe technology capitalizes on the intrinsic fluorescence, high refractive index, and unique Raman signal of the NDs, rendering them attractive for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications. This review provides a brief introduction of the various types of NDs and describes the development of procedures that have led to stable single-digit-sized ND dispersions, a crucial feature for drug delivery systems and nanoprobes. Various approaches used for functionalizing the surface of NDs are highlighted, along with a discussion of their biocompatibility status. The utilization of NDs to provide sustained release and improve the dispersion of hydrophobic molecules, of which chemotherapeutic drugs are the most investigated, is described. The prospects of improving the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids by using NDs as a platform are exemplified. The photoluminescent and optical scattering properties of NDs, together with their applications in cellular labeling, are also reviewed. Considering the progress that has been made in understanding the properties of NDs, they can be envisioned as highly efficient drug delivery and imaging biomaterials for use in animals and humans.
机译：摘要：爆轰纳米金刚石（NDs）由于其初级粒径为4至5 nm，稳定的惰性核，反应性表面和形成水凝胶的能力而逐渐成为小型化学药品和大分子生物技术产品的传递载体。纳米探针技术利用了ND的固有荧光，高折射率和独特的拉曼信号，使其在体外和体内成像应用中具有吸引力。这篇综述简要介绍了各种类型的ND，并描述了导致稳定单位数大小的ND分散体的程序的发展，这是药物输送系统和纳米探针的关键特征。重点介绍了用于使ND表面功能化的各种方法，并讨论了它们的生物相容性状态。描述了利用ND提供持续释放和改善疏水性分子的分散性，其中对疏水性分子的研究最多。通过使用ND作为平台来改善核酸的细胞内递送的前景是示例性的。还综述了ND的光致发光和光学散射特性，以及它们在细胞标记中的应用。考虑到在理解ND的特性方面取得的进展，可以将其设想为高效的药物输送和对动物和人类使用的生物材料进行成像。

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