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Mitochondrial DNA analysis of 114 hairs measuring less than 1 cm from a 19-year-old homicide

机译：线粒体DNA分析距离19岁凶杀案不到1厘米的114根头发

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Background Mitochondrial DNA analysis is typically applied to degraded skeletal remains and telogen or rootless hairs. Data on the application of the method to very small hairs less than 0.5 cm from an age-matched and -challenged sample set are lacking. Methods One hundred fourteen hairs sized less than 1 cm from a 1993 case were analyzed for mitochondrial DNA according to laboratory standard operating procedures. For some hairs, a screening approach was applied, which permitted some samples, such as victim hairs on victim clothing, to be eliminated from the process quickly. Degraded samples were amplified with “mini-primers,” and 12S species testing was applied when non-human hairs were encountered. Results Partial to full control region human mitochondrial DNA profiles or species identifications (non-human species) were obtained from 93% of hairs under 1 cm, 92% of hairs under 5 mm, and 90% of hairs under 3.5 mm. Nineteen of 21 hairs 2 mm or less gave full or partial profiles. Among 128 hairs of all sizes tested in the case, 9 gave no results, 3 were canine in origin, and 73 did not exclude six known individuals tested in the case. Twenty-two hairs had nine additional profiles that were observed two or more times each. Twenty-one hairs showed singleton types not matching each other or any individual. Conclusions Crime scene hairs that are both aged and small are often judged to be unsuitable for either hair microscopy or DNA analysis. This study of age-matched challenged small hairs indicates that even the smallest probative crime scene hairs are suitable for mitochondrial DNA analysis and can provide useful data.
机译：背景线粒体DNA分析通常用于降解的骨骼残留物和毛发生长或无根毛发。缺乏有关该方法应用于年龄匹配且具有挑战性的样本集小于0.5 cm的非常小的头发的数据。方法根据实验室标准操作规程，对1993年的141头小于1 cm的头发进行线粒体DNA分析。对于某些头发，采用了一种筛选方法，该方法可以将某些样品（例如受害者衣服上的受害者头发）迅速从处理中消除。降解的样品用“微型引物”扩增，遇到非人类毛发时进行12S物种测试。结果从93％的1厘米以内的头发，92％的5毫米以内的头发和90％的3.5毫米以内的头发中获得了部分或全部对照区域的人类线粒体DNA谱或物种鉴定（非人类物种）。在2毫米或更小的21根头发中有19根完全或部分分布。在该案例中测试的所有大小的128根头发中，有9项没有给出结果，有3根是犬类，有73根没有排除在该案例中测试的6名已知个体。 22根头发有九个其他轮廓，每个轮廓被观察两次或更多次。 21根头发的单身类型彼此或任何个人都不匹配。结论犯罪现场的头发无论年龄大小都较小，通常被认为不适合用于头发显微镜或DNA分析。这项针对年龄匹配的小毛发的研究表明，即使犯罪现场中最小的犯罪现场毛发也适用于线粒体DNA分析，并且可以提供有用的数据。

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