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Genomic view on the peopling of India

机译：印度人口的基因组观

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India is known for its vast human diversity, consisting of more than four and a half thousand anthropologically well-defined populations. Each population differs in terms of language, culture, physical features and, most importantly, genetic architecture. The size of populations varies from a few hundred to millions. Based on the social structure, Indians are classified into various caste, tribe and religious groups. These social classifications are very rigid and have remained undisturbed by emerging urbanisation and cultural changes. The variable social customs, strict endogamy marriage practices, long-term isolation and evolutionary forces have added immensely to the diversification of the Indian populations. These factors have also led to these populations acquiring a set of Indian-specific genetic variations responsible for various diseases in India. Interestingly, most of these variations are absent outside the Indian subcontinent. Thus, this review is focused on the peopling of India, the caste system, marriage practice and the resulting health and forensic implications.
机译：印度以其巨大的人类多样性而闻名，其中有超过四千半人类学定义明确的人口。每个人群的语言，文化，身体特征以及最重要的是基因结构都各不相同。人口规模从几百到几百万不等。根据社会结构，印第安人分为种姓，部落和宗教团体。这些社会分类非常僵化，并不受新兴的城市化和文化变化的干扰。多变的社会习俗，严格的一夫一妻制婚姻惯例，长期的孤立和进化力量极大地增加了印度人口的多样化。这些因素还导致这些人群获得了一系列印度特有的遗传变异，这些变异是造成印度各种疾病的原因。有趣的是，这些变体中的大多数都不在印度次大陆之外。因此，这次审查的重点是印度的人种，种姓制度，婚姻习俗以及由此产生的健康和法医含义。

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