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Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland

机译：亚美尼亚高地新石器时代迁徙的不同波和方向

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Background The peopling of Europe and the nature of the Neolithic agricultural migration as a primary issue in the modern human colonization of the globe is still widely debated. At present, much uncertainty is associated with the reconstruction of the routes of migration for the first farmers from the Near East. In this context, hospitable climatic conditions and the key geographic position of the Armenian Highland suggest that it may have served as a conduit for several waves of expansion of the first agriculturalists from the Near East to Europe and the North Caucasus. Results Here, we assess Y-chromosomal distribution in six geographically distinct populations of Armenians that roughly represent the extent of historical Armenia. Using the general haplogroup structure and the specific lineages representing putative genetic markers of the Neolithic Revolution, haplogroups R1b1a2, J2, and G, we identify distinct patterns of genetic affinity between the populations of the Armenian Highland and the neighboring ones north and west from this area. Conclusions Based on the results obtained, we suggest a new insight on the different routes and waves of Neolithic expansion of the first farmers through the Armenian Highland. We detected at least two principle migratory directions: (1) westward alongside the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea and (2) northward to the North Caucasus.
机译：背景技术欧洲的人口化和新石器时代农业移民的性质作为全球现代人类殖民化的首要问题仍然受到广泛争议。目前，近东第一批农民的迁徙路线的重建存在很大的不确定性。在这种情况下，宜人的气候条件和亚美尼亚高地的关键地理位置表明，它可能是第一批农业者从近东向欧洲和北高加索地区扩张的几波风潮的传递渠道。结果在这里，我们评估了六个亚美尼亚人在地理上不同的Y染色体分布，这些人口大致代表了历史上亚美尼亚的程度。使用一般的单倍群结构和代表新石器时代革命的假定遗传标记的特定谱系，单倍群R1b1a2，J2和G，我们确定亚美尼亚高地种群与该地区北部和西部邻近种群之间遗传亲和力的独特模式。结论基于所获得的结果，我们提出了关于第一批农民通过亚美尼亚高原的新石器时代扩张的不同途径和浪潮的新见解。我们至少检测了两个主要的迁徙方向：（1）向西与地中海海岸线并列（2）向北至北高加索地区。

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