Education and income have been affected each other, good education can get higher income; the increase of income can pay for higher education. This paper uses statistical data to describe the current situation of the income of urban and rural residents and the educational level in China, to explain that there is a significant gap on the income between urban and rural residents or the educational level, and this gap is still maintained a trend of expansion. In order to explore the relationshipbetween the income gap between urban and rural residents and the educational level in China, this paper establishes a model to carry out linear regression analysis and test, so as to determine the level of education is an important factor affecting the income gap between urban and rural residents. The Chinese government should support the development of education, and improve the overall educational level of the people. At the same time, the government should implement the policy of educational investment and educational resources to rural areas. This has a positive meaning to realize the balanced development of education and economic income and the common prosperity of urban and rural residents in China.
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