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首页> 外文期刊>Iranian journal of public health. >Biosensors in Endocrinology- Review Article
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Biosensors in Endocrinology- Review Article

机译：内分泌学中的生物传感器-评论文章

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Biosensors are classes of sensors in which at least a biological process is used in sensing procedure. They are generally composed of three parts: a sensing element, a transducer, and a signal processor (or detector). They can be categorized by type of sensing materials or by detection techniques. From their invention time up to now, various biological species have been analyzed using variety of biosensors. They have been widely used for environmental, industrial, pharmaceutical and clinical applications in many research papers. Perhaps the number of biosensors which had a chance to commercialize and enter to the market is limited, but by recent developments in science and technology, day-by-day, the number of commercial biosensors are growing. Their importance in clinical medicine can be found in determination of biomarkers for early diagnosis of disease or for control and manage of them in point-of-care devices. Diagnosis and control of many endocrine diseases and metabolic disorders depend strongly on determination of chemicals, hormones and antibodies. A large number of biosensors research studies have focused on determination of these biomolecules. One of the famous commercial biosensor is widely used in management of diabetes is glucometer. They are portable commercial biosensors which measure the amount of glucose in a blood drop. The main challenges in designing biosensors are decrease the limit of detection, increasing the sensitivity and accuracy in an analysis, increasing lifetime and miniaturization. Even scientists are now trying to develop biosensors for non-invasive measurements of biomarkers in saliva or tears.
机译：生物传感器是其中在传感程序中至少使用生物过程的传感器类别。它们通常由三部分组成：传感元件，传感器和信号处理器（或检测器）。可以根据传感材料的类型或检测技术对它们进行分类。从发明到现在，已经使用各种生物传感器分析了各种生物物种。它们已在许多研究论文中广泛用于环境，工业，制药和临床应用。也许有机会商业化并进入市场的生物传感器的数量是有限的，但是随着科学技术的最新发展，商业化生物传感器的数量正在日益增加。它们在临床医学中的重要性可以在确定用于疾病早期诊断或在即时医疗设备中控制和管理生物标志物的过程中找到。许多内分泌疾病和代谢紊乱的诊断和控制在很大程度上取决于化学物质，激素和抗体的测定。大量的生物传感器研究集中在确定这些生物分子上。血糖仪是广泛用于糖尿病治疗的著名商业生物传感器之一。它们是便携式的商用生物传感器，可测量血滴中的葡萄糖量。设计生物传感器的主要挑战是降低检测限，提高分析的灵敏度和准确性，延长使用寿命和小型化。甚至科学家现在都在尝试开发生物传感器，用于非侵入性地测量唾液或眼泪中的生物标志物。

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