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首页> 外文期刊>Iranian journal of public health. >The Current State of MPOWER Policies in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2014
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The Current State of MPOWER Policies in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2014

机译：哈萨克斯坦共和国MPOWER政策的现状：2014年全球成人烟草调查的数据

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Background: The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is a global study to monitor tobacco use, and evaluate current measures and requisite policies on tobacco control. In this study, the key indicators from GATS Kazakhstan that address six tobacco control policies are assessed. Methods: GATS Kazakhstan was a nationally representative household survey of the adult population aged 15 yr or older (n=4425, 52.8% females) implemented in 2014, in all regions of Kazakhstan. A multi-stage, geographically clustered sample design was used to obtain the key indicators of tobacco use and tobacco measures in the country. The sampling weights were employed to ensure real national representation. A household and individual questionnaire were administered through electronic devices. Results: The majority of current tobacco users were cigarette smokers 22.2%. Overall, 19.0% of adults were exposed to secondhand smoke while at work. One third of smokers made a quit attempt in the last 12 months. Only, 74.0% of adults believed that breathing other people’s smoke causes serious illness in non-smokers. Almost all current smokers (97.6%) noticed pictorial health warnings on cigarette packages. Over half (58.0%) of the current smokers had thought about quitting, having seen pictorial warning labels. Exposure to any cigarette advertisement, sponsorship or promotion had been experienced by 25.7% of adults, with the highest rate of noticing cigarette advertisements being found in stores where cigarettes are sold (14.0%). Cigarettes were largely affordable for the population. Conclusion: The GATS Kazakhstan results identified tobacco use indicators, as well as existing gaps in tobacco control measures.
机译：背景：全球成人烟草调查（GATS）是一项全球研究，旨在监测烟草使用并评估当前的烟草控制措施和必要政策。在这项研究中，评估了哈萨克斯坦服务贸易总协定针对六项烟草控制政策的关键指标。方法：哈萨克斯坦GATS是一项全国代表性的家庭调查，该调查于2014年在哈萨克斯坦所有地区进行，年龄均在15岁或以上（n = 4425，女性为52.8％）。使用了一个多阶段，按地理位置分组的样本设计，以获取该国烟草使用和烟草措施的关键指标。抽样权数被用来确保真实的国家代表性。家庭和个人问卷通过电子设备进行管理。结果：目前的大多数烟草使用者是吸烟者，占22.2％。总体而言，有19.0％的成年人在工作时接触过二手烟。在过去的12个月中，有三分之一的吸烟者尝试戒烟。只有74.0％的成年人认为，呼吸其他人的烟气会导致非吸烟者患上严重疾病。几乎所有目前的吸烟者（97.6％）都注意到香烟包装上的图片健康警告。目前有超过一半（58.0％）的吸烟者曾经看过戒烟的图片，并考虑过戒烟。 25.7％的成年人接触过任何香烟广告，赞助或促销活动，其中发现香烟广告的商店中发现香烟广告的比例最高（14.0％）。香烟在很大程度上是人们负担得起的。结论：哈萨克斯坦《服贸总协定》的结果确定了烟草使用指标以及烟草控制措施中存在的差距。

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