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首页> 外文期刊>Italian Journal of Agronomy >Vulnerability to Desertification in a Sub-Saharan Region: A First Local Assessment in Five Villages of Southern Region of Malawi
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Vulnerability to Desertification in a Sub-Saharan Region: A First Local Assessment in Five Villages of Southern Region of Malawi

机译：撒哈拉以南地区的沙漠化脆弱性：马拉维南部地区五个村庄的首次本地评估

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The study took place between July and September 2008 with the main objective to develop a first local environmental assessment suitable to obtain a general description of the agro-system environment of five villages in the Southern Region of Malawi. The research has been carried out in an administrative sub-division of the peri-urban area of the city of Blantyre, called Ntonda EPA (Extension Planning Area), where target villages had been previously identified for the overexploitation of their natural resource base and the mismanagement of their soils. This study attempts to illustrate the agro-ecosystem of the five villages in the area, their main features and the main anthropic factors, viewed as causes that could lead to desertification. As the matter of fact, the overexploitation of soils, which can be fairly considered as the one and only resource base endowment available in the area. The current farming system, heavily reliant on mere subsistence, is strictly interlinked with unsustainable fertilisation methods and a prevalent lack of socio-economic activities. Poorly planned and managed cropping systems yield low and erratic productions, despite government subsidised chemical fertilisation programmes; post-harvest management and storage are nearly inexistent and so are agricultural commodity exchanges with otherwise fairly accessible urban areas. As a result, agricultural investment (including on soil conservation) is minimal and local areas remain vulnerable to land degradation and ultimately to desertification. The baseline data collected with this research provide information on the main issues that determine the process of land degradation and desertification in the area. The study is based on the analysis of climate and soil parameters. This paper attempts to provide: – a first assessment of vulnerability to desertification at local level, specifically at village level in the Southern Region of Malawi; – an identification of the major causes and trends of agro-system degradation; – a set of recommendations as to how to avoid further degradation of the agro-system before the desertification process becomes irreversible and untreatable.
机译：该研究于2008年7月至2008年9月进行，其主要目的是开发第一个当地环境评估报告，以期对马拉维南部地区五个村庄的农业系统环境有一个总体描述。这项研究是在布兰太尔市郊区的行政分区Ntonda EPA（扩展规划区）中进行的，该分区先前已确定了过度利用其自然资源基础和自然资源的目标村庄。他们的土壤管理不善。这项研究试图说明该地区五个村庄的农业生态系统，其主要特征和主要人类因素，这些因素被认为是可能导致荒漠化的原因。实际上，土壤过度开发可以被公认为该地区唯一的唯一资源基地。当前的农业系统严重依赖于维持生计，与不可持续的施肥方法和普遍缺乏的社会经济活动紧密地联系在一起。尽管政府补贴了化学施肥计划，但规划和管理不善的耕作制度导致收成低下和不规律;收获后的管理和储存几乎不存在，与本来相当方便的城市地区的农产品交易也几乎不存在。结果，农业投资（包括对土壤保持的投资）微乎其微，局部地区仍然容易受到土地退化和最终荒漠化的影响。这项研究收集的基准数据提供了有关决定该地区土地退化和荒漠化过程的主要问题的信息。该研究基于对气候和土壤参数的分析。本文试图提供：–对地方一级，特别是马拉维南部地区的村庄一级的荒漠化脆弱性进行初步评估; –查明农业系统退化的主要原因和趋势; –关于如何在荒漠化进程不可逆转和无法控制之前避免农业系统进一步退化的一系列建议。

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