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首页> 外文期刊>Italian Journal of Medicine >The unbearable heaviness of reductionism: the paradigm of the antiatherogenic diet
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The unbearable heaviness of reductionism: the paradigm of the antiatherogenic diet

机译：还原主义的难以忍受的沉重：抗动脉粥样硬化饮食的范例

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Reducing a complex phenomenon into a simplified description may help us to understand general issues and to make limited decisions, but can hardly allow us to accurately predict the consequences of an intervention. The case of the antiatherogenic diet is discussed. Simplified approaches, aimed at correcting single components of a diet, privileging the lipid theory over more comprehensive ones, sustained by the illusion that removing one single substance (the lowering-cholesterol mantra) would defeat cardiovascular disease, have led us to faulty results, because the interactions among components and their interconnections are not negligible. The industry’s interest in shifting the diet of millions of people in well-defined and profitable directions (lowfat, but sugar-rich for tastefulness reasons, as an example), in advance of well founded scientific evidence about benefit, has been mostly relevant. Nowadays, it is well recognized that refined and sweetened foods, not fats, are the main cause of obesity and diabetes, and that the cardiovascular risk is more dependent on the quantity of food consumed rather than the type of food. In recent years the attention of the researchers has moved from qualitative dietary studies and unnatural regimes, to quantitative diets and more naturally balanced regimes, within the concept of globally health life styles, against any reductionism.
机译：将复杂的现象简化为简化的描述可能有助于我们理解一般问题并做出有限的决定，但很难使我们准确地预测干预的后果。讨论了抗动脉粥样化饮食的情况。旨在纠正饮食中单一成分的简化方法，将脂质理论与更全面的方法相联系，并因消除一种物质（降低胆固醇的口头禅）会击败心血管疾病的错觉而得以维持，这导致我们得出错误的结果，因为组件之间的相互作用及其相互联系不可忽略。业界有兴趣在确定的有益益处的科学依据之前，将数百万人的饮食朝着明确且有利可图的方向转移（例如，低脂，但出于品味原因而富含糖）。如今，众所周知的是，精制和加糖食品而非脂肪是肥胖和糖尿病的主要原因，心血管疾病的风险更多地取决于所食用食物的数量而不是食物的类型。近年来，研究人员的注意力已经从定性饮食研究和非自然饮食方式转移到定量饮食和更自然平衡的饮食方式上，以全球健康的生活方式为概念，反对任何还原主义。

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