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首页> 外文期刊>Ecosphere >Long‐term response of oak‐hickory regeneration to partial harvest and repeated fires: influence of light and moisture
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Long‐term response of oak‐hickory regeneration to partial harvest and repeated fires: influence of light and moisture

机译：橡木山核桃再生对部分收割和反复着火的长期响应：光和湿气的影响

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By tracking oak‐hickory (Quercus‐Carya ) regeneration for 13?yr across management‐manipulated light and topographically driven moisture gradients after partial harvest and three prescribed fires, we document best‐case conditions to promote advanced oak regeneration, and thereby provide a promising management tool to reverse the downward spiral in oak that plagues much of the Central Hardwoods within the eastern United States. This study was established in 2000 to assess regeneration following prescribed fire (spring of 2001, 2005, and 2010) in combination with partial harvest (late 2000) across two sites in southern Ohio. Each of the four 20+? ha treatment units (two partial harvest and burn, two controls) were modeled and mapped for long‐term moisture regime using the Integrated Moisture Index ( IMI ) , and a 50‐m grid of sampling points established throughout the units. Vegetation and light were sampled at each gridpoint before and after treatments, in 2000, 2001, 2004, 2006, 2009, and 2013. The partial harvest and burn treatments generally had more light which resulted in an increased number of oak stems. The fires promoted heterogeneity (pyrodiversity) in tree mortality and light availability, and consequently oak‐hickory regeneration, mostly following IMI patterns with the drier portions of the landscape having more fire, more light penetration, and greater regeneration compared to moist locations. Several other species also had marked variations in numbers and size throughout this period, depending on landscape variation in fire intensity and moisture regimes. These included Acer rubrum and Liriodendron tulipifera which expanded initially then collapsed after repeated fire, and Sassafras albidum which continued to flourish on dry sites. Based on this study, we recommend for topographically appropriate dry and intermediate sites, a partial harvest followed by two or three dormant‐season fires (depending on fire intensity) allowing roughly 6–18% light to penetrate the forest floor. This will promote oak‐hickory into the advanced oak regeneration status. Then, following a hiatus from burning for some years to further advance oak‐hickory growth without topkill, some proportion of oaks and hickories can be expected to advance to the canopy following natural disturbance or harvest of current canopy. On mesic sites, though treatments demonstrated here do improve oak‐hickory regeneration, the relative cost to benefit would be high.
机译：通过在部分收割和三场指定的大火之后，在管理控制的光照和地形驱动的水分梯度上跟踪橡木山核桃（ Quercus-Carya）的再生长达13年，我们记录了促进高级橡木再生的最佳情况，从而提供了一种很有前途的管理工具，可以扭转橡树的下降趋势，而橡树的下降使困扰美国东部许多中央硬木的麻烦不断。这项研究成立于2000年，旨在评估俄亥俄州南部两个地点的规定火灾（2001年，2005年和2010年春季）与部分收成（2000年末）后的再生。四个20+中的每个？使用综合水分指数（IMI）并为整个单位建立一个50 m的采样点，对ha处理单元（两个部分收获和燃烧，两个对照）进行建模并绘制长期水分状况图。在处理之前和之后的2000年，2001年，2004年，2006年，2009年和2013年，在每个网格点对植被和光进行了采样。部分收割和燃烧处理通常具有更多的光，从而导致橡树茎的数量增加。火灾促进了树木死亡率和光利用率的异质性（致热多样性），并因此促进了橡树山核桃的再生，主要是遵循IMI模式，与潮湿的地方相比，景观的干燥部分具有更多的火灾，更多的光线穿透和更大的再生。在此期间，其他几种物种的数量和大小也有明显的变化，具体取决于景观在火势和湿度方面的变化。其中包括红宏rub和郁金香鹅掌which，它们先膨胀后在反复燃烧后倒塌，而al木则在干燥的地方继续繁盛。根据这项研究，我们建议在地形适宜的干燥和中间地点进行部分采伐，然后进行两到三次休眠季节的火灾（取决于火灾强度），使大约6-18％的光穿透森林地面。这将促进橡木山核桃树进入高级橡木树再生状态。然后，经过几年的燃烧裂隙，进一步促进了橡木山核桃的生长而没有杀伤力，随着自然干扰或收获当前的树冠，可以预期一定比例的橡木和山核桃树会发展到树冠。在内陆地区，尽管这里展示的处理方法确实改善了橡木山核桃的再生能力，但受益的相对成本却很高。

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