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Which intrinsic traits predict vulnerability to extinction depends on the actual threatening processes

机译：哪些内在特征可以预测灭绝的脆弱性取决于实际的威胁过程

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Understanding what makes some species more vulnerable to extinction than others is an important challenge for conservation. Many comparative analyses have addressed this issue exploring how intrinsic and extrinsic traits associate with general estimates of vulnerability. However, these general estimates do not consider the actual threats that drive species to extinction and hence, are more difficult to translate into effective management. We provide an updated description of the types and spatial distribution of threats that affect mammals globally using data from the IUCN for 5941 species of mammals. Using these data we explore the links between intrinsic species traits and specific threats in order to identify key intrinsic features associated with particular drivers of extinction. We find that families formed by small‐size habitat specialists are more likely to be threatened by habitat‐modifying processes; whereas, families formed by larger mammals with small litter sizes are more likely to be threatened by processes that directly affect survival. These results highlight the importance of considering the actual threatening process in comparative studies. We also discuss the need to standardize and rank threat importance in global assessments such as the IUCN Red List to improve our ability to understand what makes some species more vulnerable to extinction than others.
机译：了解什么使某些物种比其他物种更容易灭绝是保护工作的一项重要挑战。许多比较分析已经解决了这个问题，探索了内在和外在性状如何与易受伤害性的一般估计联系在一起。但是，这些一般性估算并未考虑到驱动物种灭绝的实际威胁，因此更难转化为有效的管理。我们使用来自IUCN的5941种哺乳动物的数据，对全球范围内影响哺乳动物的威胁的类型和空间分布进行了更新描述。利用这些数据，我们探索了内在物种特征与特定威胁之间的联系，以便确定与特定灭绝驱动因素有关的关键内在特征。我们发现，由小型栖息地专家组成的家庭更容易受到栖息地改变过程的威胁。相反，由较大的，产仔数小的哺乳动物组成的家庭更容易受到直接影响生存的过程的威胁。这些结果突出了在比较研究中考虑实际威胁过程的重要性。我们还讨论了在全球评估（例如IUCN红色名录）中标准化威胁重要性并对其进行排名的必要性，以提高我们了解使某些物种比其他物种更容易灭绝的能力。

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