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首页> 外文期刊>Ecosphere >Characteristics of climate and landscape disturbance influence the dynamics of greater sage‐grouse populations
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Characteristics of climate and landscape disturbance influence the dynamics of greater sage‐grouse populations

机译：气候和景观扰动的特征影响更多的鼠尾草种群的动态

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Life histories determine how organisms interact with their environment and predict how populations respond to environmental change. Understanding relationships between life histories and environmental variability is therefore crucial for effective conservation under changing environmental conditions. Greater sage‐grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus ) is a species of major conservation concern in western North America following widespread disturbance of the sagebrush ecosystems to which they are endemic. Using robust design and Pradel capture‐mark‐recapture models, we evaluated the influence of climatic processes and disturbance associated with post‐wildfire exotic grass invasion on annual survival, per‐capita recruitment, and population growth of breeding male sage‐grouse in eastern Nevada, USA. Climatic processes, indexed by annual rainfall and maximum summertime temperatures, had a strong relationship with recruitment and adult survival, respectively. The range of variation in recruitment during the study was greater than the range of variation in survival, consistent with a life‐history strategy that features lengthened lifespan to capitalize on periodically favorable reproductive conditions. Annual variation in precipitation variables (e.g., rainfall or snow depth) explained as much as 75% of the annual variance in population size during the study. Our results are consistent with bottom‐up regulation of sage‐grouse populations, where abundance is determined in large part by climate‐driven variation in resource availability. Exotic grasslands had a negative influence on recruitment that was interactive with annual rainfall; recruitment was consistently low in areas with a substantial exotic grassland footprint even following years of favorable rainfall. We found males breeding at leks with substantial exotic grassland impacts had lower annual survival compared to males at leks surrounded by native sagebrush habitats. However, models containing an interaction between exotic grasslands and maximum summer temperature were not clearly superior to models that considered only additive effects of the two variables. This research has significant implications for sage‐grouse persistence in a changing climate, where more frequent drought and increased spread of exotic grasslands will have negative impacts on sage‐grouse populations.
机译：生命史确定了生物如何与环境相互作用，并预测了种群如何应对环境变化。因此，了解生活史和环境变异性之间的关系对于在不断变化的环境条件下进行有效保护至关重要。北美鼠尾草（ Centrocercus urophasianus）是北美西部地区最主要的保护物种，因为它们是当地流行的鼠尾草生态系统受到广泛干扰。使用健壮的设计和Pradel捕获标记捕获模型，我们评估了内华达州东部气候变化和野火后异国草入侵带来的干扰对年生存，人均募集和繁殖雄鼠尾草种群增长的影响， 美国。以年降雨量和夏季最高气温为指标的气候过程分别与募集和成年存活率密切相关。在研究过程中，募集的变化范围大于生存的变化范围，这与生命历史策略相一致，该策略具有延长寿命以利用周期性有利的繁殖条件的优势。降水变量的年度变化（例如降雨或积雪深度）解释了研究期间人口规模年度变化的75％之多。我们的结果与鼠尾草种群的自下而上的法规一致，后者的丰度在很大程度上取决于气候驱动的资源可利用性变化。外来草原对招募有负面影响，与年降雨量互动。即使经过多年的降雨，在异国情调的草地面积很大的地区，招聘也一直很低。我们发现，与在原生鼠尾草栖息地所包围的韭菜中的雄性相比，在具有大量异国草原影响的韭菜中繁殖的雄性的年生存率较低。但是，包含异国草地和夏季最高气温之间的相互作用的模型显然并不优于仅考虑这两个变量的累加效应的模型。这项研究对于鼠尾草在气候变化中的持久性具有重要意义，在这种情况下，干旱的频繁发生和外来草原的扩散将对鼠尾草种群产生负面影响。

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