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Rayleigh lidar observations of temperature over Tsukuba: winter thermal structure and comparison studies

机译：瑞利激光雷达在筑波上空的温度观测：冬季热结构和对比研究

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Routine lidar observations are in progress at the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan (36°N, 140°E), providing vertical profiles of ozone and temperature in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere. The present study focuses the winter thermal structure over Tsukuba and validation/comparison of the lidar derived temperature profiles. Atmospheric temperatures for the altitude region 30-75 km are determined from the neutral density profiles. 33 temperature observations recorded during the winter months of 1995 and 1996 are used in the study. Winter thermal structure is characterized with its variability with an observed stratopause temperature of about 260 K. Although evidence of minor stratospheric warming is seen on some days, there appears to be no direct linkage with major mid winter warmings at the poles. Temperature profiles show evidence of mesospheric temperature inversion layers. For the purpose of validation/comparison of the lidar temperature profiles, other datasets based on rocketsondes, National Meteorological Center (NMC) analyses, Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) spacecraft measurements, and CIRA 86 have been used. Encouraging agreements between the lidar and rocket profiles are evident, which confirms the potential of lidar technique for deriving the absolute temperatures in the atmosphere. Climatological comparisons also reveal satisfactory agreement between the lidar and other datasets.
机译：日本筑波国家环境研究所（NIES）（36°N，140°E）正在进行常规的激光雷达观测，提供了平流层和中低层中臭氧和温度的垂直分布。本研究着重于筑波冬季的热力结构和激光雷达导出的温度剖面的验证/比较。根据中性密度分布确定海拔30-75 km的大气温度。该研究使用了1995年和1996年冬季记录的33个温度观测值。冬季热结构的特征是其变化性，观测到的平顶层温度约为260K。尽管在某些日子里观察到平流层温度略有升高的迹象，但似乎与两极的冬季中期变暖没有直接联系。温度曲线显示了中层温度反转层的证据。为了验证/比较激光雷达的温度分布，已使用了其他基于火箭探空仪，国家气象中心（NMC）分析，太阳中层探测器（SME）航天器测量和CIRA 86的数据集。激光雷达和火箭剖面之间令人鼓舞的协议是显而易见的，这证实了激光雷达技术在推导大气中绝对温度方面的潜力。气候学比较还表明，激光雷达与其他数据集之间的一致性令人满意。

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