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Current radiotracers to image neurodegenerative diseases

机译：当前的放射性示踪剂可以对神经退行性疾病进行成像

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Abstract The term of neurodegenerative diseases covers a heterogeneous group of disorders that are distinguished by progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the nervous system such as dementias, movement disorders, motor neuron disorders, as well as some prion disorders. In recent years, a paradigm shift started for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, for which successively clinical testing is supplemented by biomarker information. In research scenarios, it was even proposed recently to substitute the current syndromic by a biological definition of Alzheimer’s diseases. PET examinations with various radiotracers play an important role in providing non-invasive biomarkers and co-morbidity information in neurodegeneration. Information on co-morbidity, e.g. Aβ plaques and Lewy-bodies or Aβ plaques in patients with aphasia or the absence of Aβ plaques in clinical AD patients are of interest to expand our knowledge about the pathogenesis of different phenotypically defined neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, this information is also important in therapeutic trials targeting histopathological abnormalities.The aim of this review is to present an overview of the currently available radiotracers for imaging neurodegenerative diseases in research and in routine clinical settings. In this context, we also provide a short summary of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases from a nuclear medicine point of view, their clinical and pathophysiological as well as nuclear imaging characteristics, and the resulting need for new radiotracers.
机译：摘要神经退行性疾病一词涵盖了一组异质性疾病，其特征是神经系统的结构和功能逐渐退化，例如痴呆，运动障碍，运动神经元疾病和某些病毒疾病。近年来，用于神经退行性疾病诊断的范式转变开始了，为此，通过生物标记信息相继进行了临床测试。在研究场景中，甚至最近有人提出用生物学上的阿尔茨海默氏病定义代替目前的综合征。用各种放射性示踪剂进行的PET检查在提供神经变性中的非侵入性生物标志物和合并症信息方面起着重要作用。有关合并症的信息，例如失语症患者或临床AD患者中无Aβ斑块的Aβ斑块和路易体或Aβ斑块对于扩大我们对不同表型定义的神经退行性疾病的发病机理的认识是令人感兴趣的。此外，该信息在针对组织病理学异常的治疗性试验中也很重要。这篇综述的目的是概述研究和常规临床环境中可用于成像神经退行性疾病的放射性示踪剂的概况。在这种情况下，我们还从核医学的角度简要介绍了最常见的神经退行性疾病，其临床和病理生理以及核影像学特征，以及对新的放射性示踪剂的需求。

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