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Household CO 2 -efficient energy management

机译：家用CO 2高效能源管理

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Residential and commercial buildings are responsible for one third of the total (CO2) emissions in the European Union, which are the main cause of global warming. Although the thermal load has long been considered the primary reason of domestic energy consumptions, the increasing demand for electricity has a non-negligible environmental impact, given that about 40% of electricity is generated by burning fossil fuels. Moreover, the amount of CO2 emitted to produce one kWh can greatly vary in time, depending on the sources used to generate it. For instance, the German electricity emissions intensity factor varied in 2017 between 113 and 533 gCO2eq/kWh. This paper proposes a novel CO2-efficient energy management approach to schedule household appliances while minimizing carbon dioxide emissions, given the possibility to change energy carriers (i.e., natural gas and electricity) and to shift loads in time. Several common loads are considered, and their operation is scheduled according to the emission factor of the German power grid. The results show that switching energy carriers can successfully enable up to 40% emissions reductions while indicating that shifting loads in time has little impact.
机译：住宅和商业建筑占欧盟总二氧化碳排放量的三分之一，这是造成全球变暖的主要原因。尽管长期以来一直将热负荷视为家庭能源消耗的主要原因，但鉴于约40％的电力是通过燃烧化石燃料产生的，因此对电力的需求不断增长对环境的影响不可忽略。此外，产生一千瓦时的二氧化碳排放量在时间上会有很大变化，这取决于产生它的来源。例如，2017年德国电力排放强度因子在113至533 gCO2eq / kWh之间变化。本文提出了一种新颖的二氧化碳高效能源管理方法，该方法可用于调度家用电器，同时最大程度地减少二氧化碳排放，因为它可以改变能源载体（即天然气和电力）并及时转移负荷。考虑了几种常见负载，并根据德国电网的排放因子安排了它们的运行。结果表明，切换能量载体可以成功实现多达40％的减排，同时表明及时转移负载影响不大。

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