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Effect of Ambient Temperature on Dawn Chorus of House Sparrows

机译：环境温度对麻雀黎明合唱的影响

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House sparrows (Passer domesticus) are omnipresent. Their study in different environments can shed light on effects of environment on bird behaviour. Therefore, the start of singing of house sparrows was studied all year round in a university housing compound with almost zero traffic noise in an arid dry desert climate. Sparrows start dawn chorus unusually early towards the end of January which is marked by increasing ambient temperatures and photoperiod and also coincides with the breeding season. Evidence that daily start of singing is directly and significantly influenced by major daily fluctuations in temperature during January and February is shown. Birds continue with early singing from March until July regardless of minor temperature fluctuations. Sparrows revert to late singing towards end of July. July is marked by the beginning of decreasing photoperiod but has no substantial fluctuations in temperature. The effect of climate on start of singing is discussed. This investigation is only concerned and concentrates on the shifting from normal start of singing to very early singing in spring season. It is concluded that early singing is initiated by increasing temperatures and is susceptible to daily fluctuations only early in the season and that these birds must have evolved to start their daily activities by singing early and foraging before temperature becomes very hot upon sunrise.
机译：麻雀（Passer domesticus）无处不在。他们在不同环境中的研究可以揭示环境对鸟类行为的影响。因此，在干旱的干旱气候下，在一所大学住宅区对交通麻雀的唱歌进行了全年的研究，交通噪音几乎为零。麻雀通常在1月底之前开始黎明合唱，其特点是环境温度和光周期增加，并且与繁殖季节相吻合。有证据表明，在一月和二月期间每天的主要温度波动会直接显着影响每天的演唱开始。无论温度波动不大，鸟类都会在三月至七月间继续唱歌。麻雀在七月底恢复为晚唱歌。 7月的光周期开始减少，但温度没有实质性波动。讨论了气候对歌唱开始的影响。这项调查仅涉及并且集中于从春季的正常演唱开始到非常早期的演唱的转变。结论是，早期鸣叫是由温度升高引起的，并且仅在季节的早期才易受日常波动的影响，并且这些鸟肯定已经进化为通过提早唱歌和觅食来开始其日常活动，直到日出之前温度变得非常热。

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