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首页> 外文期刊>Environment and Natural Resources Journal >Effectiveness of different spatial interpolators in estimating heavy metal contamination in shallow groundwater: a case study of arsenic contamination in Hanoi, Vietnam
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Effectiveness of different spatial interpolators in estimating heavy metal contamination in shallow groundwater: a case study of arsenic contamination in Hanoi, Vietnam

机译：不同空间插值器在估算浅层地下水中重金属污染中的有效性：以越南河内的砷污染为例

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Starting from emerging issues of arsenic contamination of groundwater, this study was conducted in Thanh Tri, a sub-urban district in southeastern side of Hanoi, in order to: (1) archive comprehensive understandings of arsenic contamination in shallow groundwater, (2) generate risk map and compare effectiveness of different spatial interpolation approaches including Kriging, IDW and Radial Basis Function of Geographic Information System (GIS) in estimating arsenic concentration.The study found that the concentration of arsenic varied from 4.71μg/L to 394.93μg/L, with an average of 81.92μg/L, far higher than the standard of 10μg/L set by the World Health Organization. Distinct distributions of arsenic concentrations were observed for different geographical and geohydrological aspects. High arsenic concentrations were found mostly in the southwest of the study area and concentrations decreased gradually in other directions. Regarding geohydrological distribution, the upper aquifer (Holocene) yielded levels of arsenic ranging from 4.71μg/L to 316.67μg/L; while concentrations in the lower aquifer (Pleistocene) varied between 5.43μg/L and 394.93μg/L. The lowest arsenic concentration was found in the upper aquifer and the highest concentration was found in lower aquifer.IDW gave the best prediction with an average error (MAPE) of 32.82%. An arsenic risk map was created from the IDW method. The map showed groundwater arsenic contamination and high contaminated areas in up to 99.8% of the district. The findings from this study will be valuable for households and policymakers to initiate early mitigation efforts and protect the population from chronic arsenic poisoning.
机译：从新兴的地下水砷污染问题开始，这项研究是在河内东南侧的郊区郊区Thanh Tri进行的，目的是：（1）归档对浅层地下水砷污染的全面理解，（2）产生风险图并比较不同的空间插值方法（包括Kriging，IDW和地理信息系统的径向基函数）在评估砷浓度方面的效果。研究发现，砷的浓度范围从4.71μg/ L到394.93μg/ L，其平均含量为81.92μg/ L，远高于世界卫生组织设定的10μg/ L的标准。在不同的地理和地理水文方面观察到砷浓度的明显分布。高砷浓度主要在研究区域的西南部发现，并且在其他方​​向上浓度逐渐降低。从地文水文分布来看，上层含水层（全新世）的砷含量为4.71μg/ L至316.67μg/ L。下层含水层（更新世）的浓度在5.43μg/ L和394.93μg/ L之间变化。上层含水层中的砷浓度最低，下层含水层中的砷浓度最高.IDW给出了最佳预测，平均误差（MAPE）为32.82％。通过IDW方法创建了砷风险图。该地图显示了该地区高达99.8％的地下水砷污染和高污染地区。这项研究的结果对于家庭和政策制定者开展早期的缓解工作，保护人们免受慢性砷中毒的侵害，将是有价值的。

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