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首页> 外文期刊>Epidemiology and health. >Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis B virus among pregnant women in southern Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
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Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis B virus among pregnant women in southern Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study

机译：埃塞俄比亚南部孕妇血清阳性率和乙型肝炎病毒相关危险因素：一项基于医院的横断面研究

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OBJECTIVES: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious agent that is a significant global public health issue. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HBV among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the Hawassa University referral hospital in Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May, 2015. A total of 269 consecutive pregnant women attending antenatal consultations were enrolled. Sociodemographic information and data regarding possible risk factors were collected using a structured questionnaire. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the data were analyzed. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of HBsAg among the 269 participants enrolled in the study was 7.8% (n=21). The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was 5.2% (n=14), of whom two participants (14.2%) were also positive for HBsAg. Study participants with no formal education (odds ratio [OR], 3.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27 to 10.68; p0.05) were more likely to be infected with HBV than those who had completed at least secondary school. Although HBsAg was detected more often in pregnant women who had multiple exposure factors (8.8%, n=13) than in pregnant women who had not experienced possible risk factors (4%, n=1), this difference was not statistically significant (OR, 2.33; 95%CI, 0.29 to 18.63). CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of HBV infection was detected in the study population. Neither the type of risk factors nor exposure to multiple risk factors was significantly associated with HBV infection. Hence, screening pregnant women regardless of risk factors and improving awareness of the transmission routes of HBV within this group may reduce the risk of HBV infections.
机译：目标：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是一种主要的血液传播和性传播的传染病原体，是全球重大的公共卫生问题。这项研究的目的是确定在埃塞俄比亚霍瓦萨大学转诊医院产前诊所就诊的孕妇的血清阳性率和危险因素。方法：2015年4月至5月进行了横断面研究。总共269名连续的孕妇参加了产前咨询。使用结构化问卷收集有关可能的危险因素的社会人口统计学信息和数据。乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）的筛选使用酶联免疫吸附试验进行，并分析数据。结果：参加该研究的269名受试者中HBsAg的总体血清阳性率为7.8％（n = 21）。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的患病率为5.2％（n = 14），其中两名参与者（14.2％）的HBsAg也呈阳性。没有接受过正规教育的研究参与者（几率[OR]为3.68; 95％的置信区间[CI]为1.27至10.68; p <0.05）比接受过至少中学教育的人更容易感染HBV。尽管在有多种暴露因素的孕妇中检测到HBsAg的频率更高（8.8％，n = 13），而在没有经历可能的危险因素的孕妇中检测到的HBsAg（4％，n = 1），但这种差异在统计学上并不显着（OR ，2.33; 95％CI，0.29至18.63）。结论：在研究人群中发现了高水平的HBV感染。危险因素的类型或暴露于多种危险因素均与HBV感染没有显着相关。因此，在不考虑风险因素的情况下筛查孕妇并提高对该组中HBV传播途径的认识可能会降低HBV感染的风险。

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