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首页> 外文期刊>Epigenetics & Chromatin >Core promoter acetylation is not required for high transcription from the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase promoter in maize
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Core promoter acetylation is not required for high transcription from the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase promoter in maize

机译：玉米中磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶启动子的高转录不需要核心启动子乙酰化

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Background Acetylation of promoter nucleosomes is tightly correlated and mechanistically linked to gene activity. However, transcription is not necessary for promoter acetylation. It seems, therefore, that external and endogenous stimuli control histone acetylation and by this contribute to gene regulation. Photosynthetic genes in plants are excellent models with which to study the connection between stimuli and chromatin modifications because these genes are strongly expressed and regulated by multiple stimuli that are easily manipulated. We have previously shown that acetylation of specific histone lysine residues on the photosynthetic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (Pepc) promoter in maize is controlled by light and is independent of other stimuli or gene activity. Acetylation of upstream promoter regions responds to a set of other stimuli which include the nutrient availability of the plant. Here, we have extended these studies by analysing histone acetylation during the diurnal and circadian rhythm of the plant. Results We show that histone acetylation of individual lysine residues is removed from the core promoter before the end of the illumination period which is an indication that light is not the only factor influencing core promoter acetylation. Deacetylation is accompanied by a decrease in gene activity. Pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylation is not sufficient to prevent transcriptional repression, indicating that deacetylation is not controlling diurnal gene regulation. Variation of the Pepc promoter activity during the day is controlled by the circadian oscillator as it is maintained under constant illumination for at least 3 days. During this period, light-induced changes in histone acetylation are completely removed from the core promoter, although the light stimulus is continuously applied. However, acetylation of most sites on upstream promoter elements follows the circadian rhythm. Conclusion Our results suggest a central role of upstream promoter acetylation in the quantitative regulation of gene expression in this model gene. Induced core promoter acetylation is dispensable for the highest gene expression in the diurnal and circadian rhythm.
机译：背景启动子核小体的乙酰化与基因活性紧密相关并在机械上联系在一起。但是，转录对于启动子乙酰化不是必需的。因此，似乎外部和内源性刺激控制了组蛋白乙酰化，并由此促进了基因调节。植物中的光合作用基因是研究刺激物和染色质修饰之间联系的极好模型，因为这些基因被易于操纵的多种刺激物强烈表达和调控。先前我们已经表明，玉米光合作用磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶（Pepc）启动子上特定组蛋白赖氨酸残基的乙酰化受光控制，并且与其他刺激或基因活性无关。上游启动子区域的乙酰化反应对一系列其他刺激产生响应，其中包括植物的养分利用率。在这里，我们通过分析植物的昼夜节律和昼夜节律中的组蛋白乙酰化来扩展这些研究。结果我们显示，在光照期结束之前，从核心启动子中除去了各个赖氨酸残基的组蛋白乙酰化，这表明光不是影响核心启动子乙酰化的唯一因素。脱乙酰化伴随着基因活性的降低。药理学抑制组蛋白脱乙酰基不足以防止转录抑制，表明脱乙酰基不能控制昼夜基因调节。 Pepc启动子活性在一天中的变化由昼夜节律振荡器控制，因为它在恒定光照下保持至少3天。在此期间，尽管连续施加光刺激，但从核心启动子上完全消除了光诱导的组蛋白乙酰化变化。然而，上游启动子元件上大多数位点的乙酰化遵循昼夜节律。结论我们的结果表明上游启动子乙酰化在该模型基因中基因表达的定量调节中起着核心作用。诱导的核心启动子乙酰化对于昼夜节律中最高的基因表达是必不可少的。

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