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Impact on arsenic exposure of a growing proportion of untested wells in Bangladesh

机译：孟加拉国越来越多未经测试的井对砷暴露的影响

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Background In many areas of Bangladesh, it has been more than six years since a national campaign to test tubewells for arsenic (As) was conducted. Many households therefore draw their water for drinking and cooking from untested wells. Methods A household drinking water survey of 6646 households was conducted in Singair upazilla of Bangladesh. A subset of 795 untested wells used by 1000 randomly selected households was tested in the field by trained village workers with the Hach EZ kit, using an extended reaction time of 40 min, and in the laboratory by high-resolution inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). Results The household survey shows that more than 80% of the wells installed since the national testing campaign in this area were untested. Less than 13% of the households with untested wells knew where a low-As well was located near their home. Village workers using the Hach EZ kit underestimated the As content of only 4 out of 795 wells relative to the Bangladesh standard. However, the As content of 168 wells was overestimated relative to the same threshold. Conclusion There is a growing need for testing tubewells in areas of Bangladesh where As concentrations in groundwater are elevated. This could be achieved by village workers trained to use a reliable field kit. Such an effort would result in a considerable drop in As exposure as it increases the opportunities for well switching by households.
机译：背景技术在孟加拉国的许多地区，自从开展全国性的试管井砷测试活动以来已经过去了六年多。因此，许多家庭从未经测试的井中抽水饮用和做饭。方法在孟加拉国的Singair upazilla对6646户家庭进行了家庭饮用水调查。训练有素的村民使用Hach EZ试剂盒在田野中对1000个随机选择的家庭使用的795口未测试井的一部分进行了测试，使用了40分钟的延长反应时间，并在实验室中通过高分辨率感应耦合等离子体质量进行了测试光谱仪（HR ICP-MS）。结果家庭调查显示，自从该地区的全国性测试活动以来，已安装的井中有80％以上未经测试。拥有未经测试的水井的家庭中，只有不到13％的人知道家附近有低水准井。相对于孟加拉国标准，村民使用Hach EZ试剂盒低估了795口井中只有4口的As含量。但是，相对于相同的阈值，高估了168孔的As含量。结论在孟加拉国地下水中砷浓度升高的地区，越来越需要测试管井。这可以通过培训使用可靠现场工具包的村民来实现。这样的努力将导致砷暴露的显着下降，因为它增加了家庭进行井转换的机会。

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