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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental health perspectives. >Prenatal Serum Concentrations of Brominated Flame Retardants and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability in the Early Markers of Autism Study: A Population-Based Case–Control Study in California
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Prenatal Serum Concentrations of Brominated Flame Retardants and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability in the Early Markers of Autism Study: A Population-Based Case–Control Study in California

机译：自闭症研究的早期标志物的溴化阻燃剂和自闭症谱系障碍和智力障碍的产前血清浓度：一项基于人群的加利福尼亚病例对照研究

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Background: Prior studies suggest neurodevelopmental impacts of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), but few have examined diagnosed developmental disorders. Objectives: Our aim was to determine whether prenatal exposure to brominated flame retardants (BFRs) is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual disability without autism (ID). Methods: We conducted a population-based case–control study including children with ASD ( n =?545) and ID ( n =?181) identified from the California Department of Developmental Services and general population (GP) controls ( n =?418) from state birth certificates. ASD cases were matched to controls by sex, birth month, and birth year. Concentrations of 10 BFRs were measured in maternal second trimester serum samples stored from routine screening. Logistic regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for associations with ASD, and separately for ID, compared with GP controls, by quartiles of analyte concentrations in primary analyses. Results: Geometric mean concentrations of five of the six congeners with ≥?55% of samples above the limit of detection were lower in mothers of children with ASD or ID than in controls. In adjusted analyses, inverse associations with several congeners were found for ASD relative to GP (e.g., quartile 4 vs. 1, BDE-153: AOR =?0.56, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.84). When stratified by child sex (including 99 females with ASD, 77 with ID, and 73 with GP), estimates were consistent with overall analyses in boys, but in the opposite direction among girls, particularly for BDE-28 and -47 (AOR =?2.58, 95% CI: 0.86, 7.79 and AOR =?2.64, 95% CI: 0.97, 7.19, respectively). Similar patterns overall and by sex were observed for ID. Conclusions: Contrary to expectation, higher PBDE concentrations were associated with decreased odds of ASD and ID, though not in girls. These findings require confirmation but suggest potential sexual dimorphism in associations with prenatal exposure to BFRs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1079.
机译：背景：先前的研究表明多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的神经发育影响，但很少检查诊断出的发育障碍。目的：我们的目的是确定产前暴露于溴化阻燃剂（BFR）是否与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）或无自闭症的智障（ID）相关。方法：我们进行了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，包括从加利福尼亚州发展服务部识别出的ASD（n =？545）和ID（n =？181）和普通人群（GP）对照的儿童（n =？418）。 ）来自州出生证明。根据性别，出生月份和出生年份将ASD病例与对照进行匹配。在通过常规筛查存储的孕中期孕妇血清样品中测量了10 BFR的浓度。与GP对照相比，使用Logistic回归通过在主要分析中分析物浓度的四分位数来计算与ASD关联的粗略和调整后的优势比（AOR），以及ID的分别。结果：患有ASD或ID患儿的母亲的六个同类婴儿中，有五个≥55％的几何平均浓度高于检测限，低于对照组。在调整后的分析中，发现相对于GP，ASD与几个同类物成反比（例如，四分位数4对1，BDE-153：AOR = 0.56，95％CI：0.38，0.84）。按儿童性别（包括99名ASD女性，77名ID儿童和73名GP儿童）进行分层时，估计值与男孩的总体分析结果一致，但与女孩的分析结果相反，尤其是对于BDE-28和-47（AOR = ≤2.58，95％CI：0.86，7.79，AOR ＝ ≤2.64，95％CI：0.97，7.19。对于ID，总体上和按性别观察到相似的模式。结论：与预期相反，较高的PBDE浓度与ASD和ID的降低几率相关，尽管在女孩中并非如此。这些发现需要证实，但暗示与产前暴露于BFRs相关的潜在性二态性。 https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1079。

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