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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source >Do Bolivian small holder farmers improve and retain knowledge to reduce occupational pesticide poisonings after training on Integrated Pest Management?
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Do Bolivian small holder farmers improve and retain knowledge to reduce occupational pesticide poisonings after training on Integrated Pest Management?

机译：在进行了病虫害综合治理培训之后，玻利维亚的小农户是否提高和保留了知识，以减少职业性农药中毒？

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Background Pesticide consumption is increasing in Bolivia as well as pest resistance, pesticide poisonings and pollution of the environment. This survey evaluates the training of small holder farmers on pesticide handling and ecological alternatives to reduce the negative pesticide effects. Method A baseline survey was performed in 2002 and follow-up surveys in 2004 and 2009. Farmers were selected and trained on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) from 2002 to 2004 in Farmer Field Schools (FFS). After exclusions and drop outs, 23 FFS trained farmers could be compared to 47 neighbor farmers for changes in ‘knowledge, attitude and practice’ (KAP) on IPM and symptoms of poisoning when handling pesticides. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 21.0 using χ2-test, Cochran’s Q test and Student’s T-test. Results Improvements were seen in both groups but most significant among the FFS farmers. At baseline no difference were seen between the two groups apart from a more frequent use of personal protection among the FFS farmers. After the training was finished significant differences were seen between FFS farmers and neighbor farmers on all KAP variables, a difference reduced to six of the KAP variables in 2009. No difference was seen in self-reported poisonings after pesticide handling. FFS farmers improved their KAP scores markedly during training and there after retained their knowledge, while neighbor farmers improved during the entire period. Ecological farming without the use of pesticides increased most among the FFS farmers. Conclusion The study showed a sustained improvement among Farmers Field School trained farmers on personal protection and hygiene when handling pesticides, knowledge and use of IPM and ecological alternatives and a reduction in self-reported symptoms after pesticide handling. Similar though less pronounced improvements was seen among neighbor farmers having had less training and information on pesticide handling and alternatives than the FFS trained farmers. Training of farmers on IPM and good agricultural practices has positive effects, but is scarce in Bolivia as in most low-income countries and must be encouraged to support an improved and sustainable food production and to protect the health of farmers and consumers as well as the environment.
机译：背景技术玻利维亚的农药消耗量以及有害生物抗性，农药中毒和环境污染都在增加。该调查评估了小农户对农药处理和生态替代品的培训，以减少农药的负面影响。方法2002年进行了基线调查，2004年和2009年进行了跟踪调查。从2002年至2004年，在农民田间学校（FFS）中对农民进行了病虫害综合治理（IPM）的培训。在排除和退出之后，可以将23名接受FFS培训的农民与47名邻居农民进行比较，以了解有关IPM的“知识，态度和实践”（KAP）的变化以及处理农药时中毒的症状。使用2号检验，Cochran Q检验和St​​udent T检验对SPSS 21.0版进行统计分析。结果两组均见改善，但在FFS农民中最为显着。基线时，两组之间没有差异，除了FFS农民之间更频繁地使用个人保护。培训结束后，FFS农民和邻居农民之间在所有KAP变量上均存在显着差异，2009年这一差异减少至六个KAP变量。在处理农药后自我报告的中毒情况无差异。 FFS农民在培训期间显着提高了KAP分数，此后保留了知识，而邻居农民在整个期间均得到了改善。在FFS农民中，不使用农药的生态农业增加最多。结论该研究表明，在农民田间学校中，经过培训的农民在处理农药时的个人保护和卫生，IPM的知识和使用以及生态替代品以及在农药处理后自我报告症状的减轻方面得到了持续改善。与接受FFS培训的农民相比，在邻居对农药的处理和替代方法的培训和信息较少的农民中，尽管取得了类似但不太明显的改善。对农民进行有害生物综合治理和良好农业规范的培训具有积极作用，但玻利维亚像大多数低收入国家一样缺乏培训，因此必须鼓励其支持改善和可持续的粮食生产并保护农民和消费者以及农民的健康。环境。

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