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Issues of water in India and the Health Capability Paradigm

机译：印度的水问题和卫生能力范式

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Water, a finite natural resource, is vital for the generation, sustenance and flourishing of all life forms. Rampant use and misuse of water make it a depleting natural resource. Consequently, conflicts and stresses have emerged involving the availability, accessibility, and quality of water. The shortage of water has also contributed to the spread of waterborne diseases. The crisis of availability and accessibility of quality water and the emergence and prevalence of these waterborne diseases have pushed some groups and individuals to suffer more than others. This disparate impact has contributed to inequities—especially health inequities—by failing to prevent the avoidable impacts of water shortage and waterborne disease on the health of individuals and groups. Considering this fact, the central argument of this paper is that water-related inequities are actually inequities caused at the level of health capabilities of groups and individuals. To address such inequities, this paper suggests that there is a need for a new foundation of water ethics because the existing frameworks fail to capture and address water-related inequities that are caused at the level of health capabilities. With a focus on India, this paper then argues that the new water ethics can be founded on Jennifer Prah Ruger’s social justice theory of the ‘Health Capability Paradigm (HCP)’. This paper then identifies and recommends some desirable changes to be made in the implementation of Indian water policy.
机译：水是一种有限的自然资源，对于所有生命形式的产生，维持和繁荣至关重要。大量使用和滥用水使其成为一种消耗性自然资源。因此，出现了涉及水的可用性，可及性和水质的冲突和压力。水的短缺也导致了水传播疾病的传播。优质水的可得性和可及性的危机以及这些水传播疾病的发生和流行使一些群体和个人遭受的痛苦要大于其他人。由于无法防止缺水和水传播疾病对个人和群体健康的可避免影响，这种不同的影响加剧了不平等现象，特别是健康不平等现象。考虑到这一事实，本文的中心论点是与水有关的不平等实际上是在群体和个人的健康能力水平上引起的不平等。为了解决此类不平等问题，本文建议需要建立水伦理学的新基础，因为现有框架无法捕获和解决在医疗卫生水平上与水有关的不平等现象。然后针对印度，本文认为可以根据詹妮弗·普拉·鲁格（Jennifer Prah Ruger）的“健康能力范式（HCP）”的社会正义理论来建立新的水伦理学。然后，本文确定并建议了在实施印度水政策时应进行的一些可取的更改。

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