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首页> 外文期刊>Estudios Geograficos: Estudios Geográficos >El aprovechamiento tradicional de la dehesa boyal en un área de monta?a del centro de Espa?a. Puebla de la Sierra (Madrid)
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El aprovechamiento tradicional de la dehesa boyal en un área de monta?a del centro de Espa?a. Puebla de la Sierra (Madrid)

机译：在西班牙中部山区的男孩牧场的传统用途。普埃布拉·德拉塞拉（马德里）

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The traditional management of an open wood for the feeding of ploughing cattle ( dehesa boyal ), located in a mountain area of Central Spain, was studied. The study area is situated in Puebla de la Sierra (Madrid). The dehesa has 336 ha and is strategically situated between the communal lands of the higher slopes and the village. The main tree species is melojo oak ( Quercus pyrenaica ) with other less frequent species interesting from a conservation point of view like sessile oak ( Quercus petraea ). The management rules in the dehesa originated in medieval times, with two main types of wood management: the coppice and the open wood pasture ( monte hueco ). The dehesa of La Puebla was mostly used as an open wood pasture until the 20th century. Characteristics of the traditional management of the dehesa have been recreated through interviews to the old inhabitants of the village. The seasonal grazing by cows, sheep and goats is described for different parts of the dehesa . Lopping for the different tree species and the rules that regulated them are described. Also are discussed the effects of traditional management on the structure and composition of the dehesa wood. Finally, the importance of the woodland traditional management for nature conservation is analysed. The utility of the management rules studied, which does not change a large quantity of the forest characteristics (large trees, diversity, heterogeneity, etc.), is pointed out. Also is highlighted to integrate the traditional management for local people, scientific support for the improvement of the nature conservation methods and the cultural and educational programs in the planning of this highly interesting nature reserve.
机译：对位于西班牙中部山区的用于耕牛（dehesa boyal）的开阔木材进行传统管理的方法进行了研究。研究区域位于马德里的Puebla de la Sierra。 Dehesa占地336公顷，地理位置优越，位于较高坡度的公共土地和村庄之间。主要树种为me香栎（Quercus pyrenaica），而从保护角度来看，其他较不常见的树种为无柄栎（Quercus petraea）。 dehesa中的管理规则起源于中世纪，主要有两种木材管理方式：小灌木林和开阔的木牧场（monte hueco）。直到20世纪，La Puebla的dehesa大多被用作开放式牧场。通过采访村里的老居民，重新塑造了传统的德赫萨管理方式。描述了在地谢河的不同地区，牛，绵羊和山羊的季节性放牧。描述了砍伐不同树种的方法及其规范。还讨论了传统管理对硬木木材结构和组成的影响。最后，分析了林地传统管理对自然保护的重要性。指出了所研究的管理规则的效用，该规则不会改变大量的森林特征（大树，多样性，异质性等）。还强调要在规划这一高度有趣的自然保护区时，将对当地居民的传统管理，对改善自然保护方法以及文化和教育计划的科学支持相结合。

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