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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Histochemistry >From chemical neuroanatomy to an understanding of the olfactory system
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From chemical neuroanatomy to an understanding of the olfactory system

机译：从化学神经解剖学到对嗅觉系统的了解

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摘要

The olfactory system is the appropriate model for studying several aspects of neuronal physiology spanning from the developmental stage to neural network remodelling in the adult brain. Both the morphological and physiological understanding of this system were strongly supported by classical histochemistry. It is emblematic the case of the Olfactory Marker Protein (OMP) staining, the first, powerful marker for fully differentiated olfactory receptor neurons and a key tool to investigate the dynamic relations between peripheral sensory epithelia and central relay regions given its presence within olfactory fibers reaching the olfactory bulb (OB). Similarly, the use of thymidine analogues was able to show neurogenesis in an adult mammalian brain far before modern virus labelling and lipophilic tracers based methods. Nowadays, a wealth of new histochemical techniques combining cell and molecular biology approaches is available, giving stance to move from the analysis of the chemically identified circuitries to functional research. The study of adult neurogenesis is indeed one of the best explanatory examples of this statement. After defining the cell types involved and the basic physiology of this phenomenon in the OB plasticity, we can now analyze the role of neurogenesis in well testable behaviours related to socio-chemical communication in rodents.
机译：嗅觉系统是研究成年大脑从发育阶段到神经网络重塑的神经元生理学多个方面的合适模型。经典系统化学强烈支持该系统的形态学和生理学理解。它是嗅觉标记蛋白（OMP）染色的标志性案例，它是第一个功能强大的，完全分化的嗅觉受体神经元标记，并且是研究周围感觉上皮与中央中继区域之间动态关系的关键工具，因为它存在于嗅觉纤维中嗅球（OB）。同样，在现代病毒标记和基于亲脂示踪剂的方法之前，使用胸苷类似物就能在成年哺乳动物脑中显示神经发生。如今，已经有大量结合细胞和分子生物学方法的新的组织化学技术可供使用，这表明从化学鉴定电路的分析转向功能研究的立场。对成人神经发生的研究确实是该陈述的最佳解释例子之一。在确定了所涉及的细胞类型以及这种现象在OB可塑性中的基本生理学之后，我们现在可以分析神经发生在啮齿动物中与社会化学交流有关的可良好测试行为中的作用。

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