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Care of the Critically Ill Emergency Department Patient with Acute Kidney Injury

机译：急症急症患者急性肾脏损伤的护理

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Introduction.Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is common and associated with significant mortality and complications. Exact data on the epidemiology of AKI in the Emergency Department (ED) are sparse. This review aims to summarise the key principles for managing AKI patients in the ED.Principal Findings. Timely resuscitation, goal-directed correction of fluid depletion and hypotension, and appropriate management of the underlying illness are essential in preventing or limiting AKI. There is no specific curative therapy for AKI. Key principles of secondary prevention are identification of patients with early AKI, discontinuation of nephrotoxic medication where possible, attention to fluid resuscitation, and awareness of the risks of contrast-induced nephropathy. In patients with advanced AKI, arrangements for renal replacement therapy need to be made before the onset of life-threatening uraemic complications.Conclusions. Research and guidelines regarding AKI in the ED are lacking and AKI practice from critical care departments should be adopted.
机译：简介。急性肾损伤（AKI）很常见，并伴有严重的死亡率和并发症。急诊科（ED）有关AKI流行病学的确切数据很少。这篇综述旨在总结ED。主要发现中管理AKI患者的关键原则。及时进行复苏，以目标为导向纠正体液消耗和低血压，以及适当控制潜在疾病，对于预防或限制AKI至关重要。没有针对AKI的特定治疗方法。二级预防的主要原则是识别早期AKI患者，尽可能停用肾毒性药物，注意液体复苏以及了解造影剂诱发的肾病的风险。对于患有晚期AKI的患者，需要在威胁生命的尿毒症并发症发作之前安排肾脏替代治疗。急诊部缺乏有关AKI的研究和指南，应采用重症监护部门的AKI做法。

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