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Assessment of Diatom Assemblages in Close Proximity to Mining Activities in Nunavik, Northern Quebec (Canada)

机译：在魁北克北部努纳维克（加拿大）紧邻采矿活动的硅藻组件评估

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Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada) is experiencing a mining boom. While several studies have been conducted in the region in relation to climate change, the effects of mining have received much less attention. In this study, we explored the use of biofilms in natural streams as an indicator of potential stress on living organisms caused by metal contamination from nickel mining activities. More specifically, we assessed diatom assemblages and the presence of teratologies (morphologic abnormalities) as a response to metals in streams located in close proximity to mining sites. Metal concentrations (as well as other cations), anions and pH values varied markedly among stations. Different diatom assemblage structures (four biotypes, i.e., groups of samples with similar diatom species composition) were observed depending on the level and the type of contamination. The frequency of diatom teratologies was higher in metal contaminated sites. The present study lays the foundation for bioassessment of metal contamination in low Arctic streams using diatom-based approaches, and will serve as a point in time reference for future evaluation of ecosystems degradation or recovery in Nunavik.
机译：努纳维克（加拿大北魁北克）正在经历采矿业的繁荣。尽管已在该地区进行了有关气候变化的若干研究，但采矿的影响却很少受到关注。在这项研究中，我们探索了在自然流中使用生物膜作为由镍开采活动造成的金属污染对生物造成的潜在压力的指标。更具体地说，我们评估了硅藻集合体和畸形学（形态异常）的存在，以作为对紧邻采矿场的溪流中金属的响应。各站之间的金属浓度（以及其他阳离子），阴离子和pH值明显不同。根据污染的程度和类型，观察到不同的硅藻组装结构（四种生物型，即具有相似硅藻物种组成的样品组）。在金属污染部位，硅藻的畸变频率较高。本研究奠定了基于硅藻的方法对北极低海拔河流金属污染进行生物评估的基础，并将为将来评估努纳维克的生态系统退化或恢复提供参考。

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