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Characteristics of Sleep and Wakefulness inWild-Derived Inbred Mice

机译：野生近交小鼠的睡眠与清醒特性

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Genetic variations in the wild-derived inbred mouse strains are more diverse than that of classical laboratory inbred mouse strains, including C57BL/6J (B6). The sleep/wake and monoamine properties of six wild-derived inbred mouse strains (PGN2, NJL, BLG2, KJR, MSM, HMI) were characterized and compared with those of B6 mice. All examined mice were nocturnal and had a polyphasic sleep pattern with a “main sleep period” identified during the light period. However, there were three sleep/wake phenotypic differences between the wild-derived mouse strains and B6 strain. First, the amount of sleep during the dark phase was comparable with that of B6 mice. However, the amount of sleep during the light phase was more varied among strains, in particular, NJL and HMI had significantly less sleep compared with that of B6 mice. Second, PGN2, NJL, BLG2, and KJR mice showed a “highly awake period” (in which the hourly total sleep time was <10%) immediately after the onset of the dark period, which was not seen in B6 mice. Third, relative to that of B6 mice, PGN2 and KJR mice showed longer duration of wakefulness episodes during the 12-h dark phase. Differences in whole brain noradrenaline, dopamine, and 5-hydroxy-tryptamine contents between the wild-derived mouse strains and B6 strain were also found. These identified phenotypes might be potentially under strong genetic control. Hence, wild-derived inbred mice could be useful for identifying the genetic factors underlying the regulation of sleep and wakefulness.
机译：野生来源的近交小鼠品系的遗传变异比经典实验室近交小鼠品系（包括C57BL / 6J（B6））的遗传变异更为多样。表征了六种野生野生近交小鼠品系（PGN2，NJL，BLG2，KJR，MSM，HMI）的睡眠/觉醒和单胺特性，并与B6小鼠进行了比较。所有检查的小鼠都是夜间活动的，并且具有多相睡眠模式，在轻度睡眠期确定为“主要睡眠期”。但是，野生来源的小鼠品系和B6品系之间存在三个睡眠/唤醒表型差异。首先，在黑暗阶段的睡眠量与B6小鼠相当。但是，品系在轻度阶段的睡眠量变化更大，特别是与B6小鼠相比，NJL和HMI的睡眠量明显减少。其次，PGN2，NJL，BLG2和KJR小鼠在黑暗期开始后立即显示“高度清醒期”（每小时总睡眠时间<10％），这在B6小鼠中未见。第三，相对于B6小鼠，PGN2和KJR小鼠在12小时黑暗阶段表现出更长的觉醒发作持续时间。还发现野生来源的小鼠品系和B6品系之间的全脑去甲肾上腺素，多巴胺和5-羟色胺含量存在差异。这些确定的表型可能受到强大的遗传控制。因此，野生近交小鼠可用于识别调节睡眠和清醒的遗传因素。

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