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首页> 外文期刊>Games >Watching Eyes and Living up to Expectations: Unkind, Not Kind, Eyes Increase First Mover Cooperation in a Sequential Prisoner’s Dilemma
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Watching Eyes and Living up to Expectations: Unkind, Not Kind, Eyes Increase First Mover Cooperation in a Sequential Prisoner’s Dilemma

机译:睁大眼睛,不辜负期望:善良而不是善良,眼睛会增加先发者在囚徒困境中的合作

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(1) Background: Why and when images of watching eyes encourage prosocial behavior is still subject to discussion, and two recent meta-analyses show no effect of watching eyes on generosity. This study aims to discern the effect of watching eyes of different valence on two separate aspects of prosocial behavior, and additionally investigates whether individuals’ social value orientation moderates the effect of eyes. (2) Methods: Individuals take on the role of either a first or second mover in an incentivized, anonymous sequential prisoner’s dilemma ( n = 247), a two-person game which separates the need to form expectations about the other player (first mover cooperation, trust) from the motive of greed (second mover cooperation, reciprocity). During decision-making, a picture of either kind eyes, unkind eyes, or a control picture is presented above each decision matrix. (3) Results: The results indicate that unkind eyes, and not kind eyes, significantly boost first mover cooperation. In contrast, neither type of eye cues increase second mover cooperation. Social value orientation does not moderate these effects. (4) Conclusions: Thus, the data suggest that the valence of eye cues matters, and we propose that unkind eyes urge first movers to live up to the interaction partner’s expectations.
机译:(1)背景:为什么以及何时观看眼睛的图像会促进亲社会行为,尚待讨论,最近的两项荟萃分析显示,观看眼睛对慷慨没有影响。这项研究旨在辨别观察不同价的眼睛对亲社会行为的两个不同方面的影响,并调查个人的社会价值取向是否会缓解眼睛的影响。 (2)方法:个人在激励性匿名顺序囚犯困境(n = 247)中扮演先动者或后进者的角色,这是一个两人游戏,将需要形成对另一个玩家(先行者)的期望分开合作,信任)来自贪婪的动机(第二动者合作,互惠)。在决策过程中,在每个决策矩阵上方都将显示一张善良的眼睛,不友好的眼睛或控制图片的图片。 (3)结果:结果表明,不善良的眼睛而不是善良的眼睛可显着促进先动者的协作。相反,两种类型的眼球线索都不会增加第二动者的协作。社会价值取向并不能减轻这些影响。 (4)结论:因此,这些数据表明,眼球提示的重要性很重要,我们建议,不友好的眼神敦促先行者达到互动伙伴的期望。

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