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What does acetylcholinesterase do inhematopoietic cells?

机译：乙酰胆碱酯酶对造血细胞有什么作用？

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摘要

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an essential component of cholinergic synapses since it hydrolyzes acetylcholine released from presynaptic nerve terminals. However, it is well documented that AChE is also expressed in a variety of non-cholinergic tissues including hematopoietic cells. Despite the recent progress made in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating expression of AChE, our knowledge of the precise function of this enzyme in hematopoietic cells still remains limited. Previous work has led to the notion that AChE may be involved in myelodysplastic syndromes as well as acute myeloid leukaemias since it may regulate hematopoiesis by acting as a tumor suppressor gene. In addition, recent studies have further demonstrated the involvement of AChE in the proliferation of multipotent stem cells, as well as in the mechanisms leading to apoptosis in cells undergoing erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation. In this review, we first present an overview of the cellular and molecular biology of AChE and then, focus more specifically on the expression of AChE in hematopoietic cells. Finally, we also discuss the recent evidence linking AChE expression and the proliferative capacity of these cells. A better understanding of the functional significance of AChE in hematopoietic cells may be relevant for the future design of novel therapeutic strategies against proliferative disorders of hematopoietic tissues.
机译：乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）是胆碱能突触的重要组成部分，因为它水解从突触前神经末梢释放的乙酰胆碱。但是，有据可查的是，AChE还可以在包括造血细胞在内的多种非胆碱能组织中表达。尽管最近我们对调节AChE表达的分子机制的理解取得了进展，但是我们对这种酶在造血细胞中精确功能的了解仍然有限。先前的工作导致了AChE可能参与骨髓增生异常综合症以及急性髓性白血病的观念，因为它可能通过充当肿瘤抑制基因来调节造血作用。此外，最近的研究进一步证明了AChE参与多能干细胞的增殖，以及参与红系和巨核细胞分化的细胞导致凋亡的机制。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍AChE的细胞和分子生物学概述，然后更具体地关注造血细胞中AChE的表达。最后，我们还讨论了有关AChE表达与这些细胞增殖能力之间联系的最新证据。更好地了解AChE在造血细胞中的功能意义可能与未来针对造血组织增生性疾病的新型治疗策略的设计有关。

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