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首页> 外文期刊>Genome Biology and Evolution >Domestication and the Mitochondrial Genome: Comparing Patterns and Rates of Molecular Evolution in Domesticated Mammals and Birds and Their Wild Relatives
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Domestication and the Mitochondrial Genome: Comparing Patterns and Rates of Molecular Evolution in Domesticated Mammals and Birds and Their Wild Relatives

机译：驯化和线粒体基因组：驯化的哺乳动物和鸟类及其野生近缘种的分子进化模式和速率的比较。

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Studies of domesticated animals have led to the suggestion that domestication could have significant effects on patterns of molecular evolution. In particular, analyses of mitochondrial genome sequences from domestic dogs and yaks have yielded higher ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions in the domesticated lineages than in their wild relatives. These results are important because they imply that changes to selection or population size operating over a short timescale can cause significant changes to the patterns of mitochondrial molecular evolution. In this study, our aim is to test whether the impact on mitochondrial genome evolution is a general feature of domestication or whether it is specific to particular examples. We test whether domesticated mammals and birds have consistently different patterns of molecular evolution than their wild relatives for 16 phylogenetically independent comparisons of mitochondrial genome sequences. We find no consistent difference in branch lengths or dN/dS between domesticated and wild lineages. We also find no evidence that our failure to detect a consistent pattern is due to the short timescales involved or low genetic distance between domesticated lineages and their wild relatives. However, removing comparisons where the wild relative may also have undergone a bottleneck does reveal a pattern consistent with reduced effective population size in domesticated lineages. Our results suggest that, although some domesticated lineages may have undergone changes to selective regime or effective population size that could have affected mitochondrial evolution, it is not possible to generalize these patterns over all domesticated mammals and birds.
机译：对家养动物的研究表明，驯化可能会对分子进化模式产生重大影响。尤其是，对家养犬和牛的线粒体基因组序列进行分析后，在其家系中获得的非同义替换与同义替换的比例高于其野生亲属。这些结果之所以重要，是因为它们暗示着在短时间内进行选择或种群大小的改变会导致线粒体分子进化模式的显着改变。在这项研究中，我们的目的是检验对线粒体基因组进化的影响是驯化的一般特征还是特定于特定实例。我们针对16种线粒体基因组序列的系统发育独立比较，测试了驯养的哺乳动物和鸟类是否具有与其野生亲缘种一致的分子进化模式。我们发现家系和野生谱系之间的分支长度或d N / d S 没有一致的差异。我们也没有发现证据表明我们未能检测到一致的模式是由于涉及的时间尺度短或家系与野生亲缘之间的遗传距离短。但是，删除野生亲戚也可能经历瓶颈的比较，确实发现了一种模式，该模式与家系中有效种群数量的减少相一致。我们的结果表明，尽管某些驯化的世系可能已经发生了可能影响线粒体进化的选择机制或有效种群规模的变化，但无法在所有驯化的哺乳动物和鸟类中推广这些模式。

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