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首页> 外文期刊>Genetics and Molecular Research >Karyotype studies on populations of two Hypochaeris species (H. catharinensis and H. lutea), Asteraceae, endemics to southern Brazil
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Karyotype studies on populations of two Hypochaeris species (H. catharinensis and H. lutea), Asteraceae, endemics to southern Brazil

机译：对巴西南部特有种菊科（Asteraceae）的两个Hypochaeris（H. catharinensis和H. lutea）种群的染色体组型研究

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Hypochaeris is an excellent system for studying different modes of chromosome evolution in plants. We carried out a cytogenetic analysis on populations of 2 Hypochaeris species, comprising 10 populations of H. catharinensis and 5 of H. lutea, to assess possible changes on chromosome organization in this interesting genus. Conventional Feulgen staining and fluorescent banding revealed that the general aspects of chromosome morphology for all populations of both species were similar, evidence of the typical bimodal karyotypes with 2n = 8 chromosomes that characterize the South American Hypochaeris. Comparative analysis of the karyotypes identified minor variations in the absolute size and arm ratio of corresponding chromosome pairs. One population of H. lutea was entirely polyploid adding a novel cytotype to this species. Fluorescent banding revealed strong chromomycin A3 (CMA3)-positive signals on both arms of chromosomes 3 and 4 of H. catharinensis, revealing a new pattern for the distribution of GC-rich heterochromatin in Hypochaeris. A strong CMA-positive signal was observed on the short arm of chromosome 3 in one population of H. lutea, while the other populations validated the CMA3 pattern already described for this species. While the overall karyotype similarities of the 2 species are in compass with all South American Hypochaeris, the presence of unusual large blocks of GC-rich heterochromatin suggests that chromosome rearrangements, related to dispersion of heterochromatin, are taking place in the karyotype of H. catharinensis. The novel polyploid cytotype identified in H. lutea provides support that polyploidization is an active process in the mode of chromosome evolution in Hypochaeris.
机译：Hypochaeris是研究植物染色体进化的不同模式的优秀系统。我们对2个Hypochaeris种群进行了细胞遗传学分析，包括10个catharinensis种群和5个lutea嗜血杆菌，以评估这个有趣属中染色体组织的可能变化。传统的Feulgen染色和荧光条带分析表明，这两个物种的所有种群的染色体形态一般方面都是相似的，这是典型的具有2n = 8个染色体的双峰型核型的证据，这是南美次cha的特征。核型的比较分析确定了相应染色体对的绝对大小和臂比的微小变化。黄褐红的一个种群完全是多倍体，为该物种增加了新的细胞类型。荧光条带显示H. catharinensis的3号和4号染色体两臂上的强烈的霉素A3（CMA3）阳性信号，揭示了富含GC的异染色质在下垂体中分布的新模式。在一个H. lutea种群中，在3号染色体的短臂上观察到了强CMA阳性信号，而其他种群验证了已经针对该物种描述的CMA3模式。虽然这两个物种的总体核型相似性与所有南美海豚属一致，但存在大量富含GC的异染色质的不寻常大块表明，与异染色质分散有关的染色体重排正在发生在华氏H.karharinensis的核型中。 。在H. lutea中鉴定出的新型多倍体细胞型提供了支持，即多倍体化是在拟南芥中染色体进化模式中的一个活跃过程。

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