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首页> 外文期刊>Genetics and Molecular Research >Detection of genetically modified maize in processed products, dry grains, and corn ears intended for fresh consumption in South Brazil
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Detection of genetically modified maize in processed products, dry grains, and corn ears intended for fresh consumption in South Brazil

机译：在巴西南部供新鲜食用的加工产品，干粮和玉米穗中检测到转基因玉米

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Conventional and genetically modified (GM) maize cultivars have been widely planted in Brazil to produce grains for processed food, feed, or to be consumed fresh as corn ears. This study used real-time PCR to detect GM maize in processed products and fresh commercial corn ears produced in the last two years in South Brazil. Eighteen conventional and GM maize cultivars were obtained from seed production companies and 50 commercial samples (including canned corn, corn flour, dry grains, and fresh corn ears) were purchased in small local stores and supermarkets. All samples were analyzed by real time TaqMan PCR to detect one constitutive maize gene (hmg) and three genetic regions present in GM plants (p-35S promoter, major gene cry 1A.105, and t-Nos terminator). Each commercial sample was classified as conventional or GM based on the PCR results. PCR targeting the hmg gene generated positive results from all DNA samples, which were further tested with the GM targets. These targets were not detected in the five conventional maize cultivars, but were detected in the GM seeds hosting these fragments. Analysis of processed foods identified four cultivars as conventional and six as GM, which were mostly correctly labeled. Seven (53.8%) dry grain samples were classified as conventional, while six (46.2%) were classified as GM. Three (11.1%) corn ear samples were identified as conventional, and the remaining 24 (88.9%) were GM maize. These results demonstrate the high frequency of GM maize in processed products, including fresh corn ears intended for consumption in South Brazil.
机译：传统的和转基因的玉米品种已在巴西广泛种植，以生产谷物用于加工食品，饲料或作为玉米穗新鲜食用。这项研究使用实时PCR检测过去两年在巴西南部生产的加工产品和新鲜商业玉米穗中的转基因玉米。从种子生产公司获得了18个常规和转基因玉米品种，并在当地的小型商店和超市购买了50种商业样品（包括罐装玉米，玉米粉，干谷粒和新鲜玉米穗）。通过实时TaqMan PCR分析所有样品，以检测一个组成型玉米基因（hmg）和转基因植物中存在的三个遗传区域（p-35S启动子，主要基因cry 1A.105和t-Nos终止子）。基于PCR结果，将每种商业样品分类为常规样品或GM样品。靶向hmg基因的PCR从所有DNA样品中均产生了阳性结果，并用GM靶标进行了进一步测试。在五个常规玉米品种中未检测到这些靶标，但在包含这些片段的转基因种子中检测到了这些靶标。对加工食品的分析确定了四个常规品种，六个品种为转基因品种，这些品种大多已正确标记。七个（53.8％）干粮样品被分类为常规样品，而六个（46.2％）被分类为转基因样品。确定了三个（11.1％）玉米穗样品为常规样品，其余24个（88.9％）为转基因玉米。这些结果表明，转基因玉米在加工产品中的频率很高，包括打算在巴西南部消费的新鲜玉米穗。

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