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Satellite Pre-Failure Detection and In Situ Monitoring of the Landslide of the Tunnel du Chambon, French Alps

机译:法国阿尔卑斯山杜邦隧道的滑坡的卫星故障前检测和现场监测

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Recent studies using satellite data have shown a growing interest in detecting and anticipating landslide failures. However, their value for an actual landslide prediction has shown variable results. Therefore, the use of satellite images for that purpose still requires additional attention. Here, we study the landslide of the Tunnel du Chambon in the French Alps that ruptured in July 2015, generating major impacts on economic activity and infrastructures. To evaluate the contribution of very high-resolution optical satellite images to characterize and potentially anticipate the landslide failure, we conduct here a retro analysis of its evolution. Two time periods are analyzed: September 2012 to September 2014, and May to July 2015. We combine Pléiades optical images analysis and geodetic measurements from in situ topographic monitoring. Satellite images were correlated to detect pre-failure motions, showing 1.4-m of displacement between September 2012 and September 2014. In situ geodetic measures were used to analyze motions during the main activity of the landslide in June and July 2015. Topographic measurements highlight different areas of deformations and two periods of strong activity, related to the last stage of the tertiary creep and to anthropic massive purges of unstable masses. The law of acceleration toward the rupture observed in June and July 2015 over the topographic targets also fits well the satellite observation between 2012 and 2014, showing that the landslide probably already entered into tertiary creep 2.5 years before its failure.
机译:最近使用卫星数据进行的研究表明,人们对检测和预测滑坡破坏越来越感兴趣。但是,它们对于实际滑坡预测的值显示出可变的结果。因此,为此目的使用卫星图像仍然需要额外注意。在这里,我们研究了2015年7月破裂的法国阿尔卑斯山的Tunnel D Chambon滑坡,对经济活动和基础设施产生了重大影响。为了评估非常高分辨率的光学卫星图像对表征和潜在地预测滑坡破坏的贡献,我们在这里对其发展进行了回顾性分析。分析了两个时间段:2012年9月至2014年9月,以及2015年5月至2015年7月。关联了卫星图像以检测出破坏前的运动,显示了2012年9月至2014年9月之间1.4 m的位移。原位大地测量被用来分析滑坡在2015年6月和7月主要活动期间的运动。与第三纪蠕变的最后阶段和不稳定块的人为大规模清除有关的变形和两个活跃期的区域。在2015年6月和7月观测到的地形目标上的破裂加速定律也与2012年至2014年之间的卫星观测非常吻合,表明滑坡可能在破裂前2.5年进入了第三纪蠕变。

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