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Elongating under Stress

机译：在压力下伸长

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In response to extracellular stimuli, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) modulate gene expression to maximize cell survival. Exposure of yeast to high osmolarity results in activation of the p38-related MAPK Hog1, which plays a key role in reprogramming the gene expression pattern required for cell survival upon osmostress. Hog1 not only regulates initiation but also modulates other steps of the transcription process. Recent work indicates that other yeast signalling MAPKs such as Mpk1 modulate transcriptional elongation in response to cell wall stress. Similarly, mammalian MAPKs have also been found associated to coding regions of stress-responsive genes. In this paper, significant progress in MAPK-regulated events that occur during the transcriptional elongation step is summarized, and future directions are discussed. We expect that the principles learned from these studies will provide a new understanding of the regulation of gene expression by signalling kinases.
机译：响应细胞外刺激，促分裂原激活的蛋白激酶（MAPK）调节基因表达，以最大化细胞存活率。酵母暴露于高渗透压下会激活p38相关的MAPK Hog1，这在重新编程渗透压下细胞存活所需的基因表达模式中起着关键作用。 Hog1不仅调节启动，而且调节转录过程的其他步骤。最近的工作表明，其他酵母信号转导的MAPK，如Mpk1，可调节细胞壁应激引起的转录伸长。同样，还发现哺乳动物MAPK与应激反应基因的编码区相关。本文总结了转录延长步骤中发生的MAPK调控事件的重大进展，并讨论了未来的方向。我们希望从这些研究中学到的原理将通过信号激酶对基因表达的调控提供新的理解。

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