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About the Possibility of Disposal of HLRW in Deep Boreholes in Germany

机译：关于在德国深孔处置高铁废物的可能性

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Using deep boreholes for the final disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) can take advantage of multiple geologic barriers as safety features and aims for the safe containment of radionuclides by containment-providing rock zones (CPRZ). The great depth efficiently prolongs or hinders radionuclide transport and also impedes proliferation. Finally, there may be a time benefit with regard to technical implementation and costs. Due to the phase-out from nuclear energy in Germany the number of boreholes could be less than 100. A simplified, generic safety concept, and the requirements for the diameter of boreholes and containers are derived in this paper. Furthermore, the operational safety of emplacement, the retrieval of waste and sealing of the boreholes is discussed. It is outlined that boreholes can be sealed quickly and over long distances with proven technologies, for example, using the creep properties of salt rock formations. This concept is assessed for its compliance with the safety requirements of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB), and the requirements and criteria for site selection defined by the German commission on “Storage of high-level radioactive waste”. The retrievability of HLRW is assessed to be technically feasible based on today′s knowledge, but recoverability after closure cannot be guaranteed for long time spans. Further developments in details of the concept of deep borehole disposal (DBD), a demonstration of its technical feasibility and an assessment of operational and long-term safety are still necessary to make DBD an approved option.
机译：使用深孔最终处置高放射性废物（HLRW）可以利用多个地质屏障作为安全特征，并旨在通过提供安全壳的岩石区（CPRZ）安全地保存放射性核素。大深度有效地延长或阻碍了放射性核素的运输，也阻碍了扩散。最后，在技术实施和成本方面可能会节省时间。由于德国淘汰了核能，因此钻孔的数量可能少于100个。本文推导了一种简化的通用安全概念以及对钻孔和容器直径的要求。此外，还讨论了进场的操作安全性，废物的回收和井眼的密封。概述了利用成熟的技术，例如利用盐岩地层的蠕变特性，可以快速，长距离封闭井眼。评估此概念是否符合德国联邦环境，自然保护，建筑和核安全部（BMUB）的安全要求，以及德国“高容量存储”委员会定义的选址要求和标准。放射性废物”。根据今天的知识，高风险RWRW的可回收性被评估为在技术上可行，但是关闭后的可恢复性无法长期保证。为了使DBD成为已获批准的选项，仍然需要对深孔处置（DBD）概念的细节，其技术可行性的演示以及对操作和长期安全性的评估进行进一步开发。

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