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Multi-Source Based Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Snow in a Semi-Arid Headwater Catchment of Northern Mongolia

机译：基于多源的蒙古北部半干旱水源流域积雪的时空分布

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摘要

Knowledge of the duration and distribution of seasonal snow cover is important for understanding the hydrologic regime in mountainous regions within semi-arid climates. In the headwater of the semi-arid Sugnugur catchment (in the Khentii Mountains, northern Mongolia), a spatial analysis of seasonal snow cover duration (SCD) was performed on a 30 m spatial resolution by integrating the spatial resolution of Landsat-7, Landsat-8, and Sentinel-2A images with the daily temporal resolution of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow products (2000–2017). Validation was achieved using in situ time series measurements from winter field campaigns and distributed surface temperature loggers. We found a mean increase of SCD with altitude at approximately +6 days/100 m. However, we found no altitude-dependent changes in snow depth during field campaigns. The southern exposed valley slopes are either snow free or covered by intermittent snow throughout the winter months due to high sublimation rates and prevailing wind. The estimated mean SCD ranges from 124 days in the lower parts of the catchment to 226 days on the mountain peaks, with a mean underestimation of 12–13 days. Snow onset and melt dates exhibited large inter-annual variability, but no significant trend in the seasonal SCD was evident. This method can be applied to high-resolution snow mapping in similar mountainous regions.
机译：了解季节性积雪的持续时间和分布对于了解半干旱气候山区的水文状况非常重要。在半干旱Sugnugur集水区的上游（在蒙古北部的Khentii山中），通过整合Landsat-7，Landsat的空间分辨率，在30 m空间分辨率上进行了季节性积雪持续时间（SCD）的空间分析。 -8和Sentinel-2A图像，其中每日分辨率为中等分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）雪产品（2000–2017）。使用冬季野外活动和分布式表面温度记录仪的原位时间序列测量来完成验证。我们发现，SCD随海拔的平均增加大约为+6天/ 100 m。但是，我们发现野战期间雪深没有随海拔变化而变化。由于较高的升华率和盛行风，在整个冬季，南部裸露的山谷斜坡要么没有积雪，要么被间歇性积雪覆盖。估计的平均SCD从流域下部的124天到山峰的226天不等，平均低估了12-13天。降雪和融雪日期表现出较大的年际变化，但季节性SCD没有明显趋势。该方法可以应用于相似山区的高分辨率降雪制图。

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