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首页> 外文期刊>Geosciences >Squeezed Interstitial Water and Soil Properties in Pleistocene Blue Clays under Different Natural Environments
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Squeezed Interstitial Water and Soil Properties in Pleistocene Blue Clays under Different Natural Environments

机译：不同自然环境下更新世蓝色黏土的间隙水和土壤特性

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Studies dating almost a century relate clay properties with the structure of the diffuse double layer (DDL), where the charged surfaces of clay crystal behave like an electric capacitor, whose dielectric is the interstitial fluid. The intensity of the inner electric field relates to the concentration and type of ions in the DDL. Other important implications of the model are less stressed: this part of the clay soil system, energetically speaking, is conservative. External contribution of energy, work of overburden or sun driven capillarity and long exposure to border low salinity waters can modify the concentration of pore-waters, thus affecting the DDL geometry, with electric field and energy storage variations. The study of clay soils coming from various natural geomorphological and hydrogeological contexts, determining a different salinity of interacting groundwater, shows how the clay interaction with freely circulating waters at the boundaries produces alterations in the native pore water salinity, and, at the nano-scale, variations of electric field and stored energy from external work. The swelling and the shrinkage of clay soil with their volumetric and geotechnical implications should be regarded as variations of the electrostatic and mechanical energy of the system. The study is based on tests on natural clay soil samples coming from a formation of stiff blue clays, widespread in southern Italy. Geotechnical identification and oedometer tests have been performed, and pore waters squeezed out from the specimens have been analyzed. Tested samples have similar grain size, clay fraction and plasticity; sorted according to the classified geomorphological/hydrogeological contexts, they highlight good correlations among dry density, mechanical work performed in selected stages of the oedometric test, swelling and non-swelling behaviour, and electrical conductivity of the squeezed pore waters. The work performed for swelling and non-swelling samples shows well-defined differences; this endorse the relevance of pore-water salinity in determining the volumetric state of clay soils under overburden and specific hydrogeological border conditions, which together define a specific energetic state.
机译：距今已有近一个世纪的研究将粘土的性质与扩散双层（DDL）的结构联系在一起，在该结构中，粘土晶体的带电表面的行为就像一个电容器，其电介质为间隙液。内部电场强度与DDL中离子的浓度和类型有关。该模型的其他重要含义也较少强调：从能量上来讲，黏土系统的这一部分是保守的。能量的外部贡献，上覆或阳光驱动的毛细管作用以及长时间接触边界低盐度水会改变孔隙水的浓度，从而影响DDL的几何形状，并产生电场和能量存储变化。对来自各种自然地貌和水文地质环境的黏土进行研究，确定了相互作用的地下水的不同盐度，表明黏土与边界处自由循环水的相互作用如何改变天然孔隙水的盐度，并在纳米尺度上发生变化。 ，电场的变化以及来自外部功的存储能量。粘土的膨胀和收缩及其体积和岩土学意义应视为系统静电和机械能的变化。该研究基于对意大利南部广泛分布的硬质蓝色粘土形成的天然粘土样品的测试。进行了岩土工程鉴定和里程计测试，并分析了从样本中挤出的孔隙水。经测试的样品具有相似的粒度，粘土分数和可塑性;根据分类的地貌/水文地质环境进行分类，它们突出了干密度，在测压测试的选定阶段进行的机械功，溶胀和非溶胀行为以及被挤压的孔隙水的电导率之间的良好相关性。对溶胀和非溶胀样品所做的工作显示出明确的差异。这支持孔隙水盐度在确定覆盖层和特定水文地质边界条件下粘土的体积状态时的相关性，这些条件共同定义了特定的能量状态。

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