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Mineralogy of Non-Silicified Fossil Wood

机译:非硅化石的矿物学

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The best-known and most-studied petrified wood specimens are those that are mineralized with polymorphs of silica: opal-A, opal-C, chalcedony, and quartz. Less familiar are fossil woods preserved with non-silica minerals. This report reviews discoveries of woods mineralized with calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, various iron and copper minerals, manganese oxide, fluorite, barite, natrolite, and smectite clay. Regardless of composition, the processes of mineralization involve the same factors: availability of dissolved elements, pH, Eh, and burial temperature. Permeability of the wood and anatomical features also plays important roles in determining mineralization. When precipitation occurs in several episodes, fossil wood may have complex mineralogy.
机译:最著名和研究最多的石化木材标本是用二氧化硅多晶型物矿化的样品:蛋白石A,蛋白石C,玉髓和石英。不太熟悉的是用非二氧化硅矿物保存的化石木材。本报告回顾了用碳酸钙,磷酸钙,各种铁和铜矿物质,氧化锰,萤石,重晶石,钠沸石和蒙脱石粘土矿化的木材的发现。无论组成如何,矿化过程都涉及相同的因素:溶解元素的可利用性,pH,Eh和埋葬温度。木材的渗透性和解剖特征在确定矿化中也起着重要作用。当降雨在数个事件中发生时,化石可能具有复杂的矿物学。

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