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首页> 外文期刊>Global Ecology and Conservation >Long-term ecological changes influence herbivore diversity and abundance inside a protected area in the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem
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Long-term ecological changes influence herbivore diversity and abundance inside a protected area in the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem

机译：长期的生态变化会影响Mara-Serengeti生态系统保护区内草食动物的多样性和丰度

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Protected areas in sub-Saharan Africa are fast becoming islands on which to conserve biodiversity as surrounding human populations grow exponentially, rangelands become urbanized, and natural habitats are fragmented. The Masai Mara National Reserve in the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem in Kenya is renowned for having one of the highest densities and diversities of large mammals in the world, but may be experiencing negative effects from anthropogenic disturbances (e.g., illegal livestock grazing) within Reserve boundaries. We monitored changes in the diversity and abundance of resident and migratory herbivores in response to temperature, rainfall, the size of the local pastoralist population, the burgeoning infrastructure for tourism, and the number of livestock grazing inside Reserve boundaries in the eastern portion of the Masai Mara over a 26 year period (1988–2013). Using hierarchical models fit in a Bayesian framework, we found that overall diversity and abundance of resident and migrant herbivores declined between 1988 and 2013 in the Talek region, which lies in the northeastern portion of the Reserve. The habitual grazing of livestock within the Reserve's boundaries, as well as both human population growth and the development of tourism infrastructure beside the Reserve, had strong negative correlations with herbivore diversity and with the size of resident and migrant herbivore populations in the Talek region. We also found that rainfall was negatively correlated with the numbers and diversity of resident herbivores, and that temperature was positively correlated with numbers of resident herbivores. We expect herbivore diversity and abundance to continue to decline if current trends in livestock grazing and tourism development continue in the eastern Masai Mara.
机译：撒哈拉以南非洲的保护区正迅速成为保护生物多样性的岛屿，因为周围人口呈指数增长，牧场逐渐城市化，自然栖息地变得零散。肯尼亚Mara-Serengeti生态系统中的Masai Mara国家保护区以世界上大型哺乳动物的密度和多样性最高而著称，但在保护区范围内可能受到人为干扰（例如非法放牧）的负面影响。我们监测了居民食草动物和迁徙食草动物的多样性和丰富度随温度，降雨，当地牧民数量，旅游基础设施的迅速发展以及马赛东部保护区边界内放牧的牲畜数量而发生的变化玛拉（Mara）历时26年（1988-2013）。通过使用符合贝叶斯框架的层次模型，我们发现位于储备区东北部的塔莱克地区1988年至2013年间，居民和迁徙草食动物的总体多样性和丰富度下降了。保护区边界内的牲畜习惯放牧，以及保护区旁人口的增长和旅游基础设施的发展，与草食动物多样性以及塔莱克地区居民和迁徙草食动物种群的数量均具有强烈的负相关性。我们还发现，降雨与常驻食草动物数量和多样性呈负相关，而温度与常驻食草动物数量呈正相关。我们预计，如果马赛马拉东部的牲畜放牧和旅游业发展的当前趋势继续下去，则草食动物的多样性和丰度将继续下降。

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